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Use of the Oblique Case in Forest Toisan is defined by the use of particles before the noun, as this case represents the collapse of the locative, Ablative, Lative and Instrumental cases of PT. List of particles: In: Mod On: mös Out of: arp To: Xan Through/with: Dok Examples: Tasar goirâ dok hars dü...

Forest Toisian is a Tasarian language spoken just south of the Närẃūsarian civilization, and whose speakers are considered by the Närẃūsarians to be barbarians, and have conducted raids into Närẃūsarian teritory. Phonology: /p b t d t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g/ <p b t d č j k g> /m n/ <m n> /f s ʃ x h/ <f s š x h> ...

The moods in Närẃūsarian: Subjunctive: prefix ā before verb root Potential: Prefix o before verb stem Imperative: suffix -as after verb stem Example sentences: Tasar khoirā āchērär "The man would see a cow" Tasar khoirā ochērär "The man could see the cow" The potential mood is also used as a conditi...

Närẃūsarian, A descendant: /kʷ kʷʰ gʷ gʷʱ/>/p pʰ b bʱ/ /i ɛ ɛɪ/>/e/ /u ɔ/>/o/ /i: u:/>/i u/ /CʱV/>/CʱV:/ /bʱ dʱ gʱ/>/pʰ tʰ kʰ/ /CC̩/>CəC /C̩C/> /CəC/ /pi̯ bi̯ pʰi̯/>/t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ʃʰ/ /ti̯ di̯ tʰi̯/>/t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ʃʰ/ /ki̯ gi̯ kʰi̯/>/t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ʃʰ/ /si̯/>/ʃ/ /hi̯/>/ç/>/ʃ/ /pu̯ bu̯ pʰu̯/>/f w f/ /tu̯ du̯ tʰu̯...

The medio-passive voice: The medio-passive voice uses the same roots as the active voice but uses a different set of personal endings that mark the subject (really the object) of the verb. In some languages these would fuse to allow polypersonal agreement: The Personal endings of the medio-passive v...

The moods: Proto-Tasarian had four moods independent of the tenses: Again let's look at the roots with bʱi̯ɛr "to look": Subjunctive: a:bʱi̯ɛr Potential: ɔbʱi̯ɛr Conditional: bʱi̯ɛrm̩ Imperative: bʱi̯ɛras The sub. and pot. moods take the present tense personal markings while the conditional takes th...

the verb: There are seven tenses: Plain Present, Present progressive, Perfect, Aorist, Imperfect, pluperfect and Future. Let's look at the verb bʱi̯ɛr "To look" constructed in each tense without personal endings: Plain Present: bʱi̯ɛr Present progressive:ɛbʱi̯ɛr Perfect: bʱabʱi̯ɛr Aorist: bʱi̯ɛrl̩ I...

In this thread, I'm be discussing the Tasarian languages, a Language family with a wide range in my conworld, stretching from the Kirmitite speakers in the South and the M'aillys speakers in the North. It is highly based on IRL IE. Firstly; Proto-Tasarian Phonology: /p pʰ b bʱ t tʰ d dʱ k kʰ g gʱ kʷ...

This thread contains information on my current conworld, which contains Fuhe. I don't have a name for the whole world right now. While I will eventually explain the structure of the Kätänä-to-Kinu-Mutai in Fuhe proper, this post will be about the court religion of Niija, on the other side of the wor...

In addition to 'ar, Kirmitite has a rich system of nominal Coordinating conjunctions. Hai is the negative version of 'ar, corresponding to English "nor": Farain hai šūmalas nu3ākt rūjin, 'asal zaq "If the neither the king nor his officers listen to the stars, they are cursed" Hai is used after a pla...

The particle 'ar is used as the conjunctive particle between nouns, in other words the equivalent of English "and": Farain 'ar šūmalas h̠ā hū3ākt rūjin, 'as zaq "The king and his officers that don't listen to the stars are cursed" 'ar is used after a plain noun to mean "also" or "even": Farain 'ar h...

Voice is shown by particles that proceed the TAM particles: Passive: c̣i Intensive: 'aq Reflexive: reduplication of the TAM particle. 'a if in the plain present baquban c̣ijaisit 'ak Farain "My slave was killed by the king" Farain 'aqh̠ījaist baquban "It was my slave the king slaughtered" Farain h̠ī...

The copular sentence can be formed in the past and future tense by adding the proclitic to the secondary noun. The past tense is ri and the future tense is 3ā Fafir ribaquban "The man was my slave" the conditional nu can be used, too: Fafir nubaquban, farain jaistūs Fa-fir nu-baqub-an, fa-rain jaist...

Expressing "To have": The verb Tām is an irregular verb, that's always considered to be in the nominal grade. It requires the a dative subject: Rū farain tām yin "The king has wine" In informal situations tām can be omitted, with the dative head noun signifiying the act of possesion: Rūn Ṗār "I have...

The mood proclitics: Imperative: Qa Jussive: cū Hypothetical: sī Conditional: nu What I call the jussive is used a third person imperative, an optative and a propositive: Na3u cūmatāṭ maṗirut "Let us go to the obelisk" The hypothetical is used for all other irrealis statements: Zaq farain h̠ā sī3ākt...

Kirmitite (native name C̣haalu Kirmit) is the language of a civilization in a river delta on the other side of the desert that borders the Chóonak'íit-speakers savannah to the northeast. Phonology: /p b pˤ t d tˤ ts dz tsˤ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ʃˤ k g q ʔ/ <p b ṗ t d ṭ c z c̣ ch j c̣h k g q '> /m n/ <m n> /f s ...

sanskacharu wrote:Aah! This is so lovely! Am I correct that Sawaan is partly inspired by Austronesian languages?

The entire Wanian family is based on Austronesian.

Shaniija looks very neat and has some relatively underrepresented features (in conlanging I mean) that are nice to see (like reduplication). Cool stuff! Thanks, I was doing a lot of reading on Austronesian languages, which were the main inspiration. Anyway: Reflexes and reciprocal are formed by the...

This is a language spoken in an altworld which is policed by a Samurai/Jedi/Naruto-Ninja-like order of law enforcement. Grammatically, phonologically, and lexically, it is a mixture of Japanese and Finnish, and the world it is set in is inspired both by Japanese (and Chinese) and Finno-Ugric mytholo...

Sawaan is a language related to Shaniija. It is the northernmost language of the family. Phonology: /m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ñ ng> /p t k ʔ/ <p t k '> /s h/ <s h> /l ɫ /<l ł> /w j/ <w y> /i o a/ <i o a> /i: o: a:/ <ii oo aa> /ai oi/ <ai oi> Phonotactics: CV(N) Nouns: Nouns do not inflect for case, but do infl...

ntransitive verbs can also be transitivized by the enclitic wañ. This has the effect of making the action less direct more then the normal transitivizer. For example: Ngawi kamijè matafakashat "The noblewoman killed the foreigner [herself]" Ngawi kamijè cikongi matakashatwañ "The Noblewoman caused t...

Adjectives are compared by by using the suffix noo instead of (e)p :
Ngike tonga meramènoo ñake tonga
"My canoe is redder then yours"

Superlatives are formed by the reduplication of the last syllable before (e)P
meramèmèp tonga
"Reddest canoe"

By way of introduction, it must be understood that court speech is a con-condialect, created by Bèthoberak and a team of courtiers, to bring the language "in line" with the philosophy of Monhindikxatism (http://aveneca.com/cbb/viewtopic.php?f=24&t=5910). Thus some adverbs have become proclitics in c...

Relative clauses, are, in Shaniija, subordinate clauses used when the tense or aspect of the verb are different from each other.
The Antecedent comes first, with the verb taking the reletavizing prefix wi-
Kamijè wifirecisha, matakat.
"The foreigner that was singing, is [now] dead"

Conditional sentences are formed by putting the protasis in the irrealis and putting either the particle bañ or ngèt before the apodeisis; this depends on whether or not the protasis is the direct cause of the apodeisis or not, in which case ngèt is used. Kamijè firecinit, ngèt ngawi matafakat "If ...