Romanization challenge thread

[Benturi]

For a South-East-Asian/Tibeto-Burman-inspired conlang with this consonant inventory:

/m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̊ ŋ/
/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g ʔ/
/ts tsʰ dz tʂ tʂʰ dʐ /
/f v s z ɬ ʂ ʐ x ɣ/
/r̥ r ɾ/
/l j w/

which one of these romanizations do you prefer (or dislike less)?:

A: <mh m nh n ngh ng> or B: <sm m sn n sng ng>
A: <p ph b t th d k kh g ’> or B: <sb p b sd t d sg k g ’>
A: <ts tsh dz c ch j> or B: <x c dz xh ch j>
A: <f v s z lh sr zr x gh> or B: <f v s z sl sh zh h gh>
A: <rh r r> or B: <sr r r>
A, B: <l y w>

Sample text: /tʰanxəŋ kɾi tsʰakmo gjotʂup r̥oʔai xəp peŋ̊uək kʰjo tʂɨ tɛkraw ʐɨtseɾ ɬe/
Romanization A: Thanxoeng kri tshagmo gyodsrub rho’ai xoeb penghuag khyo cue taegraw zruetser lhe.
Romanization B: Tanhoeng sgri cakmo gyotshup sro’ai hoep sbesnguak kyo xhue sdaekdraw zhuexer sle.

Note: A uses <b d g> for final /p t k/; there's a reason for it.

[Cedh]

For a South-East-Asian/Tibeto-Burman-inspired conlang with this consonant inventory:

/m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̊ ŋ/
/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g ʔ/
/ts tsʰ dz tʂ tʂʰ dʐ /
/f v s z ɬ ʂ ʐ x ɣ/
/r̥ r ɾ/
/l j w/

which one of these romanizations do you prefer (or dislike less)?:

A: <mh m nh n ngh ng> or B: <sm m sn n sng ng>
A: <p ph b t th d k kh g ’> or B: <sb p b sd t d sg k g ’>
A: <ts tsh dz c ch j> or B: <x c dz xh ch j>
A: <f v s z lh sr zr x gh> or B: <f v s z sl sh zh h gh>
A: <rh r r> or B: <sr r r>
A, B: <l y w>

Sample text: /tʰanxəŋ kɾi tsʰakmo gjotʂup r̥oʔai xəp peŋ̊uək kʰjo tʂɨ tɛkraw ʐɨtseɾ ɬe/
Romanization A: Thanxoeng kri tshagmo gyodsrub rho’ai xoeb penghuag khyo cue taegraw zruetser lhe.
Romanization B: Tanhoeng sgri cakmo gyotshup sro’ai hoep sbesnguak kyo xhue sdaekdri zhuexer sle.

Note: A uses <b d g> for final /p t k/; there's a reason for it.

I like the first one better. The xh digraph in the second one looks good though, so maybe you could use x xh j h for /tʂ tʂʰ dʐ x/.

[Nortaneous]

I like B better, but there's no way I'd be able to read it properly. Hm.

/m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̊ ŋ/ <hm m hn n hng ng>
/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ g ʔ/ <b p bb d t dd g k gg ->
/ts tsʰ dz tʂ tʂʰ dʐ / <z c zz zh ch dh>
/f v s z ɬ ʂ ʐ x ɣ/ <f v s ss hl sh rr h hh>
/r̥ r ɾ/ <hr r r>
/l j w/ <l y w>

Sample text: /tʰanxəŋ kɾi tsʰakmo gjotʂup r̥oʔai xəp peŋ̊uək kʰjo tʂɨ tɛkraw ʐɨtseɾ ɬe/

Tanheng gri cagmo ggyozhub hro-ai heb biehnguag kyo zhy daegrau zhyzier hle.
Tanhoeng gri cagmo ggyozhub hro-ai hoeb behnguag kyo zhue taegraw zhuezer hle.

[Benturi]

Many thanks for your feedback. The first romanization system is the one I've been using most of the time, while B is a recent idea. I’m still not quite sure if I will switch to it, but it’s good to know that someone prefers it. I've also considered something like the Nuosu romanization.

This conlang was going to be set in my (vaguely defined) conworld, but it has probably too many features associated with a specific region of the Earth (that phonology plus being tonal, mostly isolating, having only/mainly monosyllabic morphemes...) to be taken seriously as a language spoken in a different universe. So now I prefer to think of it (not that I'm going to write anything about it any time soon, it's just for my own peace of mind) as a language isolate spoken somewhere in the proximity of the languages it resembles, including their romanization conventions.

The problem with spellings like <hm hn…>, like Nuosu or Hmong, is that I’ve been using <h> after a vowel as a tone marker (like Kokborok), and a sequence like <sahnan> could be interpreted as sah+nan or as sa+hnan. The same happens with using <h> for /x/ and at the same time <mh, nh> etc. for the voiceless sonorants, since squences like /mx/, /nx/, etc. occur in compounds. And I want to use a “separator” character as less as possible (in my two romanizations, I only use the apostrophe to indicate the glottal stop in compounds or to distinguish /ng/ from /ŋ/.)

The main reason for using <b d g> for final /p t k/ in A is to distinguish the sequences /pr tr kr/, which only appear in compounds, from /pɾ tɾ kɾ/, which are onset clusters. /ɾ/ appears only in the syllable-initial clusters /pɾ tɾ kɾ pʰɾ tʰɾ kʰɾ/, but there’s no /bɾ dɾ gɾ/, so <dagra> is unambiguously /dakra/ = /dak + ra/, while <dakra> is /dakɾa/ = /da + kɾa/.

By the way, for the same reason, I could use <sh, zh> for /ʂ ʐ/ in A and it would be unambiguous, since the affricate /tʂ/ is spelled <c> and the sequence <tsh> is always /tsʰ/: <kaca> /katʂa/ = /ka + tʂa/, <katsha> /katsʰa/ < /ka + tsʰa/, and <kadsha> would be /katʂa/ = /kat + ʂa/.

[Boehijt]

For my new project:

/p t k d g/
/ts tɬ kʟ̝/
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/
/m n ɲ/
/r l ʎ j ʀ/
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/

I've not yet really decided on phonotactics, but it's probably gonna be something like (C)V, with geminates occuring word-medially, and /n s ks t/ occuring word-finally. Also, there is frontness harmony with the front vowels being /i æ y ø/, the back vowels being /ɯ a u o/, and /e/ being a neutral vowel.

[Nortaneous]

/p t k d g/ <p t k d g>
/ts tɬ kʟ̝/ <ts tl kl>
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/ <v s z hl c/sh gl h>
/m n ɲ/ <m n nj/ñ/ni>
/r l ʎ j ʀ/ <r l lj/li j gr>
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/ <a i u e o y ö ä w>/<a i u e o ü ö ä y>

[Haplogy]

/p t k d g/ <p t k d g>
/ts tɬ kʟ̝/ <ts tl kl>
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/ <v s z sl sy hl h>
/m n ɲ/ <m n ny>
/r l ʎ j ʀ/ <r l ly y rh>
(/ks/ <x>)
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/ <a i ou e o u oe ae eu>

Nuoe tlelyen eulyossaga ronyo ouyen kla sannaga aslanaga rhatso eulyox hlavven iroe syime vanyen.
/nyø tɬeʎen ɯʎos:aga roɲo ujen kʟ̝a san:aga aɬanaga ʀatso ɯʎoks ʟ̝av:en irø ɕime vaɲen/

/p t k d g/ <p b t d g>
/ts tɬ kʟ̝/ <c ç ķ>
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/ <v s z ş sj ḩ h>
/m n ɲ/ <m n nj>
/r l ʎ j ʀ/ <r l lj j ṟ>
(/ks/ x)
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/ <a i u e o y ö ä ı>

Nyö çeljen ıljossaga ronjo ujen ķa sannaga aşanaga ṟatso ıljox ḩavven irö sjime vanjen.
/nyø tɬeʎen ɯʎos:aga roɲo ujen kʟ̝a san:aga aɬanaga ʀatso ɯʎoks ʟ̝av:en irø ɕime vaɲen/

[tezcatlip0ca]

/p t k d g/ p t k d g
/ts tɬ ks kʟ̝/ c ç x q
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/ v s z ş š ḩ h
/m n ɲ/ m n ň
/r l ʎ j ʀ/ r l ľ j ř
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/ a i u e o ü ö ä ı

[Boehijt]

I'd really like a sample.

Here you go:

/nyø tɬeʎen ɯʎos:aga roɲo ujen kʟ̝a san:aga aɬanaga ʀatso ɯʎoks ʟ̝av:en irø ɕime vaɲen/

[sangi39]

/p t k d g/ <p t k d g>
/ts tɬ kʟ̝/ <c ć q>
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/ <v s z ś š x h>
/m n ɲ/ <m n ň>
/r l ʎ j ʀ/ <r l ľ j ř>
(/ks/ <ks>)
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/ <a i u e o ü ö ä ï>

/nyø tɬeʎen ɯʎos:aga roɲo ujen kʟ̝a san:aga aɬanaga natso ɯʎoks ʟ̝av:en irø ɕime vaɲen/
<Nüö ćeľen ïľossaga roňo ujen qa sannaga aśanaga naco ïľoks xavven irö šime vaňen>

[Nortaneous]

/nyø tɬeʎen ɯʎos:aga roɲo ujen kʟ̝a san:aga aɬanaga ʀatso ɯʎoks ʟ̝av:en irø ɕime vaɲen/

Niwew xelyen ulyossaga ronyo uwyen kla sannaga ahlanaga gratso ulyoks glavven irew cime vanyen.

Nüö xelyen ëlyossaga ronyo uyen kla sannaga ahlanaga gratso ëlyoks glavven irö cime vanyen.

Nüö xeljen yljossaga ronjo ujen kla sannaga ahlanaga gratso yljoks glavven irö cime vanjen.

Nüö xelien yliossaga ronio ujen kla sannaga ahlanaga gratso ylioks glavven irö cime vanien.

[Pogostick Man]

/p t k d g/ <p t c d g>
/ts tɬ kʟ̝/ <ts tl cl>
/v s z ɬ ɕ ʟ̝ h/ <v s z sl x gl h>
/m n ɲ/ <m n nj>
/r l ʎ j ʀ/ <r l lj j gr>
/a i u e o y ø æ ɯ/ <a i ü e o w ö ä ï>
/ɬː ʟ̝ː ɲː ʎː ʀː/ <sll gll nnj llj grr>

/nyø tɬeʎen ɯʎos:aga roɲo ujen kʟ̝a san:aga aɬanaga ʀatso ɯʎoks ʟ̝av:en irø ɕime vaɲen/
Nüö tleljen ïljossaga ronjo ujen cla sannaga allanaga gratso ïljocs glavven irö xime vanjen.

[Pole, the]

Some conlang

/m n ŋ/
/p t k/
/β s/
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/

/i e æ u ɔ/
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/

· /p t k/ become [β d ɡ] intervocalically. /p/ merges with /β/ there.
· /w/ and /j/ appear only before /i e/ and /u o~ɑ/, respectively.
· /ɔ/ is [ɑ] when stressed and [o] when unstressed.
· Stress is phonemic; length is phonemic only in stressed syllables, so e.g. /ˈeni ˈeːni eˈni eˈniː/ are each a different word.
· The syllable structure is (C)V-, -V(C)V-, -V(C). No consonant clusters. And hiatuses are common.

Sample:
[βeˈɡɑːow̃u woˈu ˈniŋæm ˈiw̃æn ˈuji siˈβɑmu ˈtuːenæ ˈtiw̃e ˈmɑji jeˈdim ˈpen teˈdim ˈjeː æɾomeˈdim æˈɾɑmo næˈnim ˈtedæm]

[sangi39]

Some conlang (Pole, the):

/m n ŋ/ <m n g>
/p t k/ <p t k> (regardless of phonetic realisation)
/β s/ <v s>
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ <w b r y d>

/i e æ u ɔ/ <i e a u o> or <í é á ú ó> when stressed
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/ <ii ee aa uu oo>

Hiatus is indicated with <h>

Sample:
[βeˈɡɑːow̃u woˈu ˈniŋæm ˈiw̃æn ˈuji siˈβɑmu ˈtuːenæ ˈtiw̃e ˈmɑji jeˈdim ˈpen teˈdim ˈjeː æɾomeˈdim æˈɾɑmo næˈnim ˈtedæm]
<Vegoohobu wohú nígam íban úyi sivómu tuuhena tíbe móyi yetím pén tetím yee arometím arómo naním tétam>

[KathTheDragon]

Pole's Conlang

/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/p t k/ <p~b t~d k~g>
/β s/ <b s>
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ <* w r * j>

/i e æ u ɔ/ <i e a u o> unstressed <í é á ú ó> stressed
/iː eː æː uː ɔː/ <î ê â û ô>
*/ji je wu wɔ/ <î ê û ô> unstressed <íí íé úú úó> stressed
*ji: je: wu: wɔ:/ <íî íê úû úô>

Sample:
[βeˈɡɑːow̃u woˈu ˈniŋæm ˈiw̃æn ˈuji siˈβɑmu ˈtuːenæ ˈtiw̃e ˈmɑji jeˈdim ˈpen teˈdim ˈjeː æɾomeˈdim æˈɾɑmo næˈnim ˈtedæm]
<begôowu ôu níngam íwan úî sibómu tûena moî êdim pén tedím íê aromedím arómo naním tédam>

[Nortaneous]

/m n ŋ/ <m n g>
/p t k/ <p t~d k>
/β s/ <b s>
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ <w mb r y ny>

/i e æ u ɔ/ <i e a u o>
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/ <ī ē ā ū ō>

· /p t k/ become [β d ɡ] intervocalically. /p/ merges with /β/ there.
· /w/ and /j/ appear only before /i e/ and /u o~ɑ/, respectively.
· /ɔ/ is [ɑ] when stressed and [o] when unstressed.
· Stress is phonemic; length is phonemic only in stressed syllables, so e.g. /ˈeni ˈeːni eˈni eˈniː/ are each a different word.
· The syllable structure is (C)V-, -V(C)V-, -V(C). No consonant clusters. And hiatuses are common.

Sample:
[βeˈɡɑːow̃u woˈu ˈniŋæm ˈiw̃æn ˈuji siˈβɑmu ˈtuːenæ ˈtiw̃e ˈmɑji jeˈdim ˈpen teˈdim ˈjeː æɾomeˈdim æˈɾɑmo næˈnim ˈtedæm]

Begāombu woú nigam imban uyi sibámu tūena timbe moyi yedím pen tedím yē aromedím arómo naním tedam.
or
Begāonwu woú nigam inwan uyi sibámu tūena timbe moyi yedím pen tedím yē aromedím arómo naním tedam.
or
Begāogwu woú nigam igwan uyi sibámu tūena timbe moyi yedím pen tedím yē aromedím arómo naním tedam.

[Cedh]

Pole's conlang

/m n ŋ/ m n ŋ
/p t k/ p t k (word-initially); b d g (intervocalic)
/β s/ b s
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ w ŵ r y ŷ

/i e æ u ɔ/ i e a u o (unstressed); ì è à ù ò (stressed)
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/ í é á ú ó

Sample:
[βeˈɡɑːow̃u woˈu ˈniŋæm ˈiw̃æn ˈuji siˈβɑmu ˈtuːenæ ˈtiw̃e ˈmɑji jeˈdim ˈpen teˈdim ˈjeː æɾomeˈdim æˈɾɑmo næˈnim ˈtedæm]
begóoŵu woù nìŋam ìŵan ùyi sibòmu túena tìŵe mòyi yedìm pèn tedìm yé aromedìm aròmo nanìm tèdam

[Haplogy]

Some conlang:

/m n ŋ/ <m n g>
/p t k/ <p~w t~d k>
/β s/ <w s>
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ <u ũ r ı ĩ>

/i e æ u ɔ/ <e ä a o å>
/ˈi ˈe ˈæ ˈu ˈɔ/ <eh äh ah oh åh>
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/ <ee ää aa oo åå>

Wäkåå-åũo wå-oh nehgam ehũan ohıe sewåhmo too-äna tehũä måhıe ıädehm pän tädehm ıää aråmädehm aråhmå nanehm tähdam.
[βeˈɡɑːow̃u woˈu ˈniŋæm ˈiw̃æn ˈuji siˈβɑmu ˈtuːenæ ˈtiw̃e ˈmɑji jeˈdim ˈpen teˈdim ˈjeː æɾomeˈdim æˈɾɑmo næˈnim ˈtedæm]

[Pole, the]

/m n ŋ/ <m n g>
/p t k/ <p t~d k>
/β s/ <b s>
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ <w mb r y ny>

/i e æ u ɔ/ <i e a u o>
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/ <ī ē ā ū ō>

/m n ŋ/ m n ŋ
/p t k/ p t k (word-initially); b d g (intervocalic)
/β s/ b s
/w w̃ ɾ j j̃/ w ŵ r y ŷ

/i e æ u ɔ/ i e a u o (unstressed); ì è à ù ò (stressed)
/iː eː æː uː ɑː/ í é á ú ó

Ok, I'll go with Cedh's orthography for consonants and Nort's for vowels.

[2+3 clusivity]

/ʙ ʙ: m(b)ʙ m:(b)ʙ r r: n(d)r n:(d)r ɽ ɳ(ɖ)ɽ /
/m m: n n: ɲ ɦ̃ ɦ̃:/
/ʋ ʋ: l y h h:/
/p p: mb m:b t t: d nd n:d ʈ ɳɖ k ŋg /

Note, /:/ in C is fortis rather than geminate.

/i: i̤: ĩ: ĩ̤: ɪ ʉ: ʉ̤: ʉ̃: ʉ̤̃: ʊ u: ṳ: ũ: ṳ̃: /
/e: e̤: ẽ: ẽ̤: ə o: o̤: õ: õ̤:/
/ɛ: ɛ̤: a: a̤: ã: ã̤: ɔ: ɔ̤:/

Note, /:/ in V is half-long rather than geminate. Half-long contrasts with super-short centralized vowels.

Phonotactics: C(ʋ, y, ɦ̃)V(F), where (F) = /m, m:, n, n:, r, r: p, t, d, ʈ, k, mb, nd, ŋg/; default initial C = /h/.

Random Sample:

hang m:(b)ʙand ɦ̃:ũ:lõŋge: ŋga:r: me t:ɦ̃ame: de:ke: halo:

[Nortaneous]

/ʙ ʙ: m(b)ʙ m:(b)ʙ r r: n(d)r n:(d)r ɽ ɳ(ɖ)ɽ / <br brh mr mrh nr nrh dr ndr>
/m m: n n: ɲ ɦ̃ ɦ̃:/ <m mh n nh ny ng ngh>
/ʋ ʋ: l y h h:/ <v vh l y h hh>
/p p: mb m:b t t: d nd n:d ʈ ɳɖ k ŋg / <p ph b mb t th dh d nd tr ntr k nk>

/i: i̤: ĩ: ĩ̤: ɪ ʉ: ʉ̤: ʉ̃: ʉ̤̃: ʊ u: ṳ: ũ: ṳ̃: / <i ĭ ü ŭ u> -- i ih į įh
/e: e̤: ẽ: ẽ̤: ə o: o̤: õ: õ̤:/ <e... ĕ... o...>
/ɛ: ɛ̤: a: a̤: ã: ã̤: ɔ: ɔ̤:/ <ä... a... ö...>

hang m:(b)ʙand ɦ̃:ũ:lõŋge: ŋga:r: me t:ɦ̃ame: de:ke: halo:

Hank mrhand nghųlǫnke nkarh me thngame dheke halo.

why are there short vowels besides ɪ ʊ ə?

[Haplogy]

/ʙ ʙ: mʙ m:ʙ r r: nr n:r ɽ ɳɽ / <b b' mb mb' r r' nr nr' rc nrc>
/m m: n n: ɲ ɦ̃ ɦ̃:/ <m m' n n' cn g g'>
/ʋ ʋ: l j h h:/ <v v' l j h h'>
/p p: mb m:b t t: d nd n:d ʈ ɳɖ k ŋg / <p p' mp mp' t t' d nd nd' c nc k nk>
<-> separates what would otherwise be polygraphs

/i: i̤: ĩ: ĩ̤: ɪ ʉ: ʉ̤: ʉ̃: ʉ̤̃: ʊ u: ṳ: ũ: ṳ̃: / <i ih iŋ iŋh ĭ y yh yŋ yŋh ŭ u uh uŋ uŋh>
/e: e̤: ẽ: ẽ̤: ə o: o̤: õ: õ̤:/ <e eh eŋ eŋh ă o oh oŋ oŋh>
/ɛ: ɛ̤: a: a̤: ã: ã̤: ɔ: ɔ̤:/ <ê êh a ah aŋ aŋh ô ôh>

Hank mb'and g'uŋloŋnke nkar' me t'game deke halo.
/haŋg m:ʙand ɦ̃:ũ:lõŋge: ŋga:r: me t:ɦ̃ame: de:ke: halo:/

[Nortaneous]

Kri

Initials:
/pʰ p ɓ tʰ t ɗ tʂʰ tʂ c ʄ kʰ k ʔ/
/s ɣ h/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/ʋ l r~ʐ j~ʝ/

Medials:
/e̯ɪː i̤ː ə̯ɘː ɨ̤ː oʊ̯ː ṳː/
/ɛ̯eː ɪ̤ː əː ɘ̤ː ɔː ʊ̤ː/
/ɛː ɛ̤ː aː ə̯a̤ː ɑː o̯ɔ̤ː/
/e̯ɪ i̤ ə ɨ̤ o ṳ/
/ɛ ɛ̤ a ə̯a̤ ɑ o̯ɔ̤/
/ia̤ ɨa̤ ua̤/

Minor syllable medials:
/a i u r n̩/

Finals:
/p t c k ʔ/
/mˀ m nˀ n ɲˀ ɲ ŋˀ ŋ/
/wˀ w w̥ lˀ l l̥ rˀ r r̥ jˀ j j̥ h/

cɨ̤ː hanˀ kɑːʔ. cak ʔəːc ɓɑːʔ tɛ. ci ɗɛ̯eːh ro̯ʊːʔ ʔani̤ː. ʔalɛ̯eːŋ kṳː cəŋ. lɛ̯eːʔ srdɛːl kṳː sadɛe̯ːl. ʔɛːp kṳː ʔalɛe̯ːŋˀ. lɛ̯eːʔ kasɪ̤ːʔ mɛː crno̯ʊːh kṳː cɑːh. so̯ɔ̤ːc tʂɔːh mlɛːŋ mɛ ʋɪ̤ːk ɓɑː ɗɛ̯eːh. ɓɑːk lɛ̯eːʔ kə̯a̤ːj̥ lɔːh ɗɛ̯eːwˀ ʋʊ̤ːŋˀ.

And some words:

traːk tʂaːn taraːk rmɑː tʂʰə̯a̤ːp to̯ɔ̤ːj to̯ɔ̤ːjˀ to̯ɔ̤ːj̥ rpaːl kɓaːn pṳɲˀ calo̯ɔ̤ːŋ kalo̯ɔ̤ːŋˀ ccɘ̤ː kmɛ̤ːʔ kmɛ̯eːʔ ʄlaːjˀ tɓər ʄhɔːrˀ m̩ɓaːt n̩hɑːmˀ ɲʋo̯ɔ̤ː

[Nortaneous]

/pʰ p ɓ tʰ t ɗ tʂʰ tʂ c ʄ kʰ k ʔ/ <ph p b th t d zh z c j kh k 0>
/s ɣ h/ <s g h>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ñ ng>
/ʋ l r~ʐ j~ʝ/ <v l r y>

Medials:
/e̯ɪː i̤ː ə̯ɘː ɨ̤ː oʊ̯ː ṳː/ <ei í ì î ou ú>
/ɛ̯eː ɪ̤ː əː ɘ̤ː ɔː ʊ̤ː/ <ai i è ê ò u>
/ɛː ɛ̤ː aː ə̯a̤ː ɑː o̯ɔ̤ː/ <e é a á o ó>
/e̯ɪ i̤ ə ɨ̤ o ṳ/ <eĭ ĭ ĩ ũ ŏu ŭ>
/ɛ ɛ̤ a ə̯a̤ ɑ o̯ɔ̤/ <ĕ ẽ ă ã ŏ õ>
/ia̤ ɨa̤ ua̤/ <ia eua ua>

Minor syllable medials:
/a i u r n̩/ <a i u r n>

Finals:
/p t c k ʔ/ <p t c k>
/mˀ m nˀ n ɲˀ ɲ ŋˀ ŋ/ <Ṿm m Ṿn n Ṿñ ñ Ṿng ng>
/wˀ w w̥ lˀ l l̥ rˀ r r̥ jˀ j j̥ h/ <v l r j h> + Ṿ/h

cɨ̤ː hanˀ kɑːʔ. cak ʔəːc ɓɑːʔ tɛ. ci ɗɛ̯eːh ro̯ʊːʔ ʔani̤ː. ʔalɛ̯eːŋ kṳː cəŋ. lɛ̯eːʔ srdɛːl kṳː sadɛe̯ːl. ʔɛːp kṳː ʔalɛe̯ːŋˀ. lɛ̯eːʔ kasɪ̤ːʔ mɛː crno̯ʊːh kṳː cɑːh. so̯ɔ̤ːc tʂɔːh mlɛːŋ mɛ ʋɪ̤ːk ɓɑː ɗɛ̯eːh. ɓɑːk lɛ̯eːʔ kə̯a̤ːj̥ lɔːh ɗɛ̯eːwˀ ʋʊ̤ːŋˀ.

Céu hặn kọ. Căk èc bọ tĕ. Ci daih roụ aní. Alaing kú cĩng. Lại srdel kú sadail. Ep kú alạing. Lại kasị me crnouh kú coh. Sóc zòh mleng mĕ vik bo daih. Bok lại káyh lòh daiw vụng.

traːk tʂaːn taraːk rmɑː tʂʰə̯a̤ːp to̯ɔ̤ːj to̯ɔ̤ːjˀ to̯ɔ̤ːj̥ rpaːl kɓaːn pṳɲˀ calo̯ɔ̤ːŋ kalo̯ɔ̤ːŋˀ ccɘ̤ː kmɛ̤ːʔ kmɛ̯eːʔ ʄlaːjˀ tɓər ʄhɔːrˀ m̩ɓaːt n̩hɑːmˀ ɲʋo̯ɔ̤ː

trak zan tarak rmo zháp tóy tọ́y tóyh rpal kban pụ̆ñ calóng kalọ́ng ccê kmẹ́ kmại jlạy tbĩr jhòr mbat nhọm ñvó

[Haplogy]

Kri:

Initials:
/pʰ p ɓ tʰ t ɗ tʂʰ tʂ c ʄ kʰ k ʔ/ <p b ƀ t d đ tr dr z ƶ c/k g q>
/s ɣ h/ <s gh h>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n nj ng>
/ʋ l r~ʐ j~ʝ/ <v l r j>

/e̯ɪː i̤ː ə̯ɘː ɨ̤ː oʊ̯ː ṳː/ <ei ii õũ ũũ ou uu>
/ɛ̯eː ɪ̤ː əː ɘ̤ː ɔː ʊ̤ː/ <äe ie õõ ũõ oo uo>
/ɛː ɛ̤ː aː ə̯a̤ː ɑː o̯ɔ̤ː/ <ee eeh ää õä aa ua>
/e̯ɪ i̤ ə ɨ̤ o ṳ/ <äi ih õ ũ o uh>
/ɛ ɛ̤ a ə̯a̤ ɑ o̯ɔ̤/ <e eh ä õa a oa>
/ia̤ ɨa̤ ua̤/ <ia ũa ua>
/a i u r n̩/ <ä i u r n>

/p t c k ʔ/ <p t z c q>
/mˀ m nˀ n ɲˀ ɲ ŋˀ ŋ/ <mm m mm n nnj nj nng ng>
/wˀ w w̥ lˀ l l̥ rˀ r r̥ jˀ j j̥ h/ <ww w wh ll l lh rr r rh jj j jh ch>

Zũũ hänn gaaq. Zäc qũõz ƀaaq te. Zi đäech rouq qänii. Qäläeng guu zõng. Läeq srdeel guuh sädäel. Qeep guuh qäläenng. Läeq gäsieq mee zrnouch guuh zaach. Suaz drooch mleeng me viec ƀaac läeq gõäjh looch đäeww vuonng.
/cɨ̤ː hanˀ kɑːʔ. cak ʔəːc ɓɑːʔ tɛ. ci ɗɛ̯eːh ro̯ʊːʔ ʔani̤ː. ʔalɛ̯eːŋ kṳː cəŋ. lɛ̯eːʔ srdɛːl kṳː sadɛe̯ːl. ʔɛːp kṳː ʔalɛe̯ːŋˀ. lɛ̯eːʔ kasɪ̤ːʔ mɛː crno̯ʊːh kṳː cɑːh. so̯ɔ̤ːc tʂɔːh mlɛːŋ mɛ ʋɪ̤ːk ɓɑː ɗɛ̯eːh. ɓɑːk lɛ̯eːʔ kə̯a̤ːj̥ lɔːh ɗɛ̯eːwˀ ʋʊ̤ːŋˀ./