Sound Change Golf
Re: Sound Change Golf
NEXT: Tnaap [tɨˈnaːʷp] phonology (my conlang)
-Plosives /t k kʷ ʔ/
-Fricatives /s h/
-Sonorants: /n r j w/
-Vowels: /ɨ a/
Phonotactics:
(s)CV({V, S})(({h, s}) O)
C: /t k kʷ ʔ s h n r/
V: /ɨ a/
S: /j w n r/
O: /t k kʷ ʔ s h/
/t/ becomes [t͡s] after high segments /j ɨ w/
/k h n s/ becomes [t͡ʃ ç ɲ ʃ] after /j/
/h n/ becomes [ʍ m] after /w/
/kʷ/ becomes [p] in coda, [ʷp] following long vowels
Obstruents become voiced between voiced segments
/ɨ/ elides if followed by /n r w j/ in the same syllable, those consonants become syllabic and assimilate to the preceding consonant
/aj aw/ become [ɛː, ɔː] stressed, [e o] unstressed
/i u a/ become [ɪ ʊ ə] unstressed
the secuence /kʷɨ/ becomes [ku]
/ɨ/ assimilates before or after a high vowel
/ɨ/ is inserted to break non permitted consonant clusters
/i u/ delete after the other one, the remainig vowel becomes long if stressed
/ʔ/ is inserted in onsetless syllables.
/r/ becomes [ɹ] in coda
And so on...
Stress
Verbs stress generally in the first syllable of the stem, unless a stress shifting prefix occurs. Nouns stress in the first heavy (bimoraic) syllable (sonorants are moraic). If there is none, they stress in the second syllable, which becomes long.
Sample:
Hat anunaikin iisn n'i tyst. Hat sant n turik usanuutia. Hati qairat uqai uu aux usytaupa n' unaikntau. Ityyn s tarana, hat tyys n' qauht utanakarp unuuhta.
/hat anwnajkjn ɨjsn n ʔj tɨst hat sant n twrjk wsanɨwtja hatj kʷajrat wkʷaj ɨw awʔ wsɨtawpa n wnajkntaw jtɨɨn s tarana hat tɨɨs n kʷawht wtanakarkʷ wnɨwhta/
[hədənʊˈmɛd͡ʒɪn ʔiːʒn̩ ni tɨst hətˈsandn̩ tuˈrit͡ʃ ʔʊzəˈnuːd͡zijə hədɪˈgʷɛrət ʔʊˈgʷɛ ʔuː ʔɔːʔ ʔuzɨˈd͡zɔːʷbə nʊˈmɛd͡ʒn̠̩do ʔɪˈd͡zɨːn stəˈraːnə hətˈtɨːzn̩ kʷɔːht ʔud͡zənəˈgaɹp ʔʊˈmuːhtə]
Any feedback would be nice
-Plosives /t k kʷ ʔ/
-Fricatives /s h/
-Sonorants: /n r j w/
-Vowels: /ɨ a/
Phonotactics:
(s)CV({V, S})(({h, s}) O)
C: /t k kʷ ʔ s h n r/
V: /ɨ a/
S: /j w n r/
O: /t k kʷ ʔ s h/
/t/ becomes [t͡s] after high segments /j ɨ w/
/k h n s/ becomes [t͡ʃ ç ɲ ʃ] after /j/
/h n/ becomes [ʍ m] after /w/
/kʷ/ becomes [p] in coda, [ʷp] following long vowels
Obstruents become voiced between voiced segments
/ɨ/ elides if followed by /n r w j/ in the same syllable, those consonants become syllabic and assimilate to the preceding consonant
/aj aw/ become [ɛː, ɔː] stressed, [e o] unstressed
/i u a/ become [ɪ ʊ ə] unstressed
the secuence /kʷɨ/ becomes [ku]
/ɨ/ assimilates before or after a high vowel
/ɨ/ is inserted to break non permitted consonant clusters
/i u/ delete after the other one, the remainig vowel becomes long if stressed
/ʔ/ is inserted in onsetless syllables.
/r/ becomes [ɹ] in coda
And so on...
Stress
Verbs stress generally in the first syllable of the stem, unless a stress shifting prefix occurs. Nouns stress in the first heavy (bimoraic) syllable (sonorants are moraic). If there is none, they stress in the second syllable, which becomes long.
Sample:
Hat anunaikin iisn n'i tyst. Hat sant n turik usanuutia. Hati qairat uqai uu aux usytaupa n' unaikntau. Ityyn s tarana, hat tyys n' qauht utanakarp unuuhta.
/hat anwnajkjn ɨjsn n ʔj tɨst hat sant n twrjk wsanɨwtja hatj kʷajrat wkʷaj ɨw awʔ wsɨtawpa n wnajkntaw jtɨɨn s tarana hat tɨɨs n kʷawht wtanakarkʷ wnɨwhta/
[hədənʊˈmɛd͡ʒɪn ʔiːʒn̩ ni tɨst hətˈsandn̩ tuˈrit͡ʃ ʔʊzəˈnuːd͡zijə hədɪˈgʷɛrət ʔʊˈgʷɛ ʔuː ʔɔːʔ ʔuzɨˈd͡zɔːʷbə nʊˈmɛd͡ʒn̠̩do ʔɪˈd͡zɨːn stəˈraːnə hətˈtɨːzn̩ kʷɔːht ʔud͡zənəˈgaɹp ʔʊˈmuːhtə]
Any feedback would be nice
Queso: ¿qué es eso? -- Eso es queso
Re: Sound Change Golf
[ˈdzerɨ kaˈparenis baˈgulim qaduˈmardzu tɨˈxorti. baˈguli uŋkaˈpariʁ ˈdzeram daqaˈbamdzɨ da nɨ dʒaʁ. eʁ baˈɗɨw ɗem ˈhatu ʃɨt ʃa ɗem haqʃi ˈʁarɨ.]
Lenition of final stops.
/r/ and /ʁ/ merge into /ɰ/
Ci > Cʲ
iN_ > ĩ_
ɨ > i
Uvulars marge with velars except for /ɰ̠/
aˈ > æ
Implosives merge with explosives.
Vw > ʏ except aw > o
o merges with u, ʏ disappears
reduction of syllable-final stops to ʔ and reduction of syllable-final fricatives and approximants to ː
eʲ > i, aʲ > æ, uʲ > y
i > ɨi
ɨiʲ > i
ɨi > ɪ
ɪː > iː
nasalization is lost
ʔʲ > ʲ
VNʲ > Vːʲ
CC > C1
h disappears
y > ɪ
Ci > Pʲi where P stands for palatal, except for bilbabial and uvular
[ˈɟʝiː kæˈpaɰeɲiː bæˈguʎɪ kaduˈmaːdzu cɪˈçiː. bæˈɟiː uŋkæˈpaɰiː ˈdzeɰa dakæˈbæː da nʲaː. eː ˈbæʔ dem ˈhatu ʃiː ʃa dem haː ˈɰæː.]
Lenition of final stops.
/r/ and /ʁ/ merge into /ɰ/
Ci > Cʲ
iN_ > ĩ_
ɨ > i
Uvulars marge with velars except for /ɰ̠/
aˈ > æ
Implosives merge with explosives.
Vw > ʏ except aw > o
o merges with u, ʏ disappears
reduction of syllable-final stops to ʔ and reduction of syllable-final fricatives and approximants to ː
eʲ > i, aʲ > æ, uʲ > y
i > ɨi
ɨiʲ > i
ɨi > ɪ
ɪː > iː
nasalization is lost
ʔʲ > ʲ
VNʲ > Vːʲ
CC > C1
h disappears
y > ɪ
Ci > Pʲi where P stands for palatal, except for bilbabial and uvular
[ˈɟʝiː kæˈpaɰeɲiː bæˈguʎɪ kaduˈmaːdzu cɪˈçiː. bæˈɟiː uŋkæˈpaɰiː ˈdzeɰa dakæˈbæː da nʲaː. eː ˈbæʔ dem ˈhatu ʃiː ʃa dem haː ˈɰæː.]
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- Sumerul
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Re: Sound Change Golf
/b t d tʂ dʐ c ɟ k g/
/ts/
/v s ʂ ɕ χ h/
/r̥ r ʀ/
/m n l j w/
/æ̆ æˑ æː ăɔ̯ aɔ̯ˑ aɔ̯ː ĕ eˑ eː ø̆ øˑ øː oː ĭ iˑ iː y̆ yˑ yː ŭ uˑ uː əi əy əu/
Syllable structure is CV, but words can have final consonants.
Voiced plosives lenite to fricatives after a vowel. The three-way length contrast only occurs in stressed syllables, since overlong vowels attract stress. Unstressed vowels are always short. There's no length contrast in word-final open syllables -- they're long when stressed and short otherwise.
ˈtsæˑð ˈsăɔ̯ɣĕ ˈjæːr̥ăɔ̯m ˈɕeːʀăɔ̯ ˈraɔ̯ˑcuˑn ˈɕei̯l. ˈtĕŋăɔ̯r ˈgəu̯ ˈləy̯n ˈrəi̯ kĕs ˈcĕn, ˈjeˑ ˈɕĕŋăɔ̯r ˈbăɔ̯k ˈʀəu̯t. ˈɕăɔ̯tĕr ˈɕæːʀ ˈĕn ˈlɨˑkæ̆r ˈtʂəi̯r hy̆ ˈeˑn.
Mostly looking for things to do with the vowel system.
/ts/
/v s ʂ ɕ χ h/
/r̥ r ʀ/
/m n l j w/
/æ̆ æˑ æː ăɔ̯ aɔ̯ˑ aɔ̯ː ĕ eˑ eː ø̆ øˑ øː oː ĭ iˑ iː y̆ yˑ yː ŭ uˑ uː əi əy əu/
Syllable structure is CV, but words can have final consonants.
Voiced plosives lenite to fricatives after a vowel. The three-way length contrast only occurs in stressed syllables, since overlong vowels attract stress. Unstressed vowels are always short. There's no length contrast in word-final open syllables -- they're long when stressed and short otherwise.
ˈtsæˑð ˈsăɔ̯ɣĕ ˈjæːr̥ăɔ̯m ˈɕeːʀăɔ̯ ˈraɔ̯ˑcuˑn ˈɕei̯l. ˈtĕŋăɔ̯r ˈgəu̯ ˈləy̯n ˈrəi̯ kĕs ˈcĕn, ˈjeˑ ˈɕĕŋăɔ̯r ˈbăɔ̯k ˈʀəu̯t. ˈɕăɔ̯tĕr ˈɕæːʀ ˈĕn ˈlɨˑkæ̆r ˈtʂəi̯r hy̆ ˈeˑn.
Mostly looking for things to do with the vowel system.
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.
Re: Sound Change Golf
/b t d tʂ dʐ c ɟ k g/
/ts/
/v s ʂ ɕ χ h/
/r̥ r ʀ/
/m n l j w/
/æ̆ æˑ æː ăɔ̯ aɔ̯ˑ aɔ̯ː ĕ eˑ eː ø̆ øˑ øː oː ĭ iˑ iː y̆ yˑ yː ŭ uˑ uː əi əy əu/
[ˈtsæˑð ˈsăɔ̯ɣĕ ˈjæːr̥ăɔ̯m ˈɕeːʀăɔ̯ ˈraɔ̯ˑcuˑn ˈɕei̯l. ˈtĕŋăɔ̯r ˈgəu̯ ˈləy̯n ˈrəi̯ kĕs ˈcĕn, ˈjeˑ ˈɕĕŋăɔ̯r ˈbăɔ̯k ˈʀəu̯t. ˈɕăɔ̯tĕr ˈɕæːʀ ˈĕn ˈlɨˑkæ̆r ˈtʂəi̯r hy̆ ˈeˑn.]
All vowel lengths collapse.
æ aɔ > a
e ø > e
əi əu əy > ɨ
y ɨ u > u
e > i
r r̥ ʀ > ɹ
final consonants disappear except nasals, if C_ = plosive, then C_ > ʔ, else C_ > u̯
syllable-initial ŋ > n
stress disappears, leaving no tone, unstressed syllables have high tone
[tsau̯ saɣi˥ jaɹam˥ ɕiɹa˥ ɹacun˥ ɕiu̯. tinau̯˥ gu lun ru kiu̯˥ cin, ji ɕinau̯˥ baʔ ɹuʔ. ɕatiu̯˥ ɕau̯ in lukau̯˥ tʂu hu˥ in.]
/ts/
/v s ʂ ɕ χ h/
/r̥ r ʀ/
/m n l j w/
/æ̆ æˑ æː ăɔ̯ aɔ̯ˑ aɔ̯ː ĕ eˑ eː ø̆ øˑ øː oː ĭ iˑ iː y̆ yˑ yː ŭ uˑ uː əi əy əu/
[ˈtsæˑð ˈsăɔ̯ɣĕ ˈjæːr̥ăɔ̯m ˈɕeːʀăɔ̯ ˈraɔ̯ˑcuˑn ˈɕei̯l. ˈtĕŋăɔ̯r ˈgəu̯ ˈləy̯n ˈrəi̯ kĕs ˈcĕn, ˈjeˑ ˈɕĕŋăɔ̯r ˈbăɔ̯k ˈʀəu̯t. ˈɕăɔ̯tĕr ˈɕæːʀ ˈĕn ˈlɨˑkæ̆r ˈtʂəi̯r hy̆ ˈeˑn.]
All vowel lengths collapse.
æ aɔ > a
e ø > e
əi əu əy > ɨ
y ɨ u > u
e > i
r r̥ ʀ > ɹ
final consonants disappear except nasals, if C_ = plosive, then C_ > ʔ, else C_ > u̯
syllable-initial ŋ > n
stress disappears, leaving no tone, unstressed syllables have high tone
[tsau̯ saɣi˥ jaɹam˥ ɕiɹa˥ ɹacun˥ ɕiu̯. tinau̯˥ gu lun ru kiu̯˥ cin, ji ɕinau̯˥ baʔ ɹuʔ. ɕatiu̯˥ ɕau̯ in lukau̯˥ tʂu hu˥ in.]
Re: Sound Change Golf
/b t d tʂ dʐ c ɟ k g/
/ts/
/v s ʂ ɕ h/
/ɹ/
/m n l j w/
/a e i o u u̯/
low tone (not marked), high tone (˥)
[tsau̯ saɣi˥ jaɹam˥ ɕiɹa˥ ɹacun˥ ɕiu̯. tinau̯˥ gu lun ru kiu̯˥ cin, ji ɕinau̯˥ baʔ ɹuʔ. ɕatiu̯˥ ɕau̯ in lukau̯˥ tʂu hu˥ in.]
High tones become rising tones.
/u̯/ becomes /u/, word obtains a falling tone.
words ending in /u̯/ with a high tone are neutral tone
/ ̂ / marks rising tone
/ ̌ / marks falling tone
ts tʂ dʐ c ɟ > tʲ
v > f > _[i,e]
ɹ > r > word-initially
ɕ > sk
n > ɲ > word-initially
h > ʔ
k > q > _[a,u,o]
i > j > _V
u > w > V_
ɣ > g
[tʲǎw sagî jaɹâm skiɹâ ratʲûn skʲǔ. tinâw gu lun ru kju tʲin, ji skinaw baʔ ɹuʔ. skatʲu skǎw in lukaw tʲu hû in.]
/ts/
/v s ʂ ɕ h/
/ɹ/
/m n l j w/
/a e i o u u̯/
low tone (not marked), high tone (˥)
[tsau̯ saɣi˥ jaɹam˥ ɕiɹa˥ ɹacun˥ ɕiu̯. tinau̯˥ gu lun ru kiu̯˥ cin, ji ɕinau̯˥ baʔ ɹuʔ. ɕatiu̯˥ ɕau̯ in lukau̯˥ tʂu hu˥ in.]
High tones become rising tones.
/u̯/ becomes /u/, word obtains a falling tone.
words ending in /u̯/ with a high tone are neutral tone
/ ̂ / marks rising tone
/ ̌ / marks falling tone
ts tʂ dʐ c ɟ > tʲ
v > f > _[i,e]
ɹ > r > word-initially
ɕ > sk
n > ɲ > word-initially
h > ʔ
k > q > _[a,u,o]
i > j > _V
u > w > V_
ɣ > g
[tʲǎw sagî jaɹâm skiɹâ ratʲûn skʲǔ. tinâw gu lun ru kju tʲin, ji skinaw baʔ ɹuʔ. skatʲu skǎw in lukaw tʲu hû in.]
yee
Re: Sound Change Golf
əi əy əu>iː yː uː stressed, ɪ ʏ ʊ unstressed
stressed /æ̆ ăɔ̯ ĕ ø̆ ĭ y̆ ŭ/ become /ɛ ɔ e ø ɪ ʏ ʊ/
Long and overlong vowels merge. Long vowels bear high tone, overlong vowels a falling tone..
stressed /æː aɔ̯ː eː øː oː iː yː uː/ become /æ ɑ ɛ ɔ o i y u/
Long and short vowels merge.
Unstressed vowels merge: æ and aɔ to ə; e, i to ɪ; y, ø to ʏ and o, u to ʊ
r̥ merges with ʂ, ʀ merges with χ
A ə followed by a sonorant or in word's edge is elided. The sonorant becomes syllabic.
An unstressed high vowel preceded by a consonant and followed by a sonorant switch places with the preceding consonant: VCiR>VjCR̩
a voiced fricative becomes voiceless in coda and is elided between vowels
θ, ð become f, v
c, ɕ become t͡ʃ, ʃ
tsǽf sɔ́j jæ̂ʂm̩ ʃɛ̂χ rɑ́t͡ʃn̩ ʃéjl. téŋr̩ gû lŷn rî kɪs t͡ʃɛ́n, jɛ́ ʃéŋr̩ bɔ́k χût. ʃɔ́jtr̩ ʃæ̂χ ɛ́n lýkr̩ tʂîr hʏ ɛ́n.
stressed /æ̆ ăɔ̯ ĕ ø̆ ĭ y̆ ŭ/ become /ɛ ɔ e ø ɪ ʏ ʊ/
Long and overlong vowels merge. Long vowels bear high tone, overlong vowels a falling tone..
stressed /æː aɔ̯ː eː øː oː iː yː uː/ become /æ ɑ ɛ ɔ o i y u/
Long and short vowels merge.
Unstressed vowels merge: æ and aɔ to ə; e, i to ɪ; y, ø to ʏ and o, u to ʊ
r̥ merges with ʂ, ʀ merges with χ
A ə followed by a sonorant or in word's edge is elided. The sonorant becomes syllabic.
An unstressed high vowel preceded by a consonant and followed by a sonorant switch places with the preceding consonant: VCiR>VjCR̩
a voiced fricative becomes voiceless in coda and is elided between vowels
θ, ð become f, v
c, ɕ become t͡ʃ, ʃ
tsǽf sɔ́j jæ̂ʂm̩ ʃɛ̂χ rɑ́t͡ʃn̩ ʃéjl. téŋr̩ gû lŷn rî kɪs t͡ʃɛ́n, jɛ́ ʃéŋr̩ bɔ́k χût. ʃɔ́jtr̩ ʃæ̂χ ɛ́n lýkr̩ tʂîr hʏ ɛ́n.
Queso: ¿qué es eso? -- Eso es queso
Re: Sound Change Golf
More: show
nʌᵏŋi: nʌᵏŋa kuɾʌ nʌᵏŋi: nʌᵏŋa sena nʌ su: i sæki, su ʌɾe sænʌki nʌ su: i sænuki a
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Re: Sound Change Golf
(uvular fricative is represented here by qχ because this font makes it look the same as /x/)/m n l j w r/
/p t t͡s k kʷ/
/pᵡ tᵡ t͡sᵡ q͡χ q͡χʷ/
/pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ kʷʰ/
/ɬ s x xʷ/
/i u e ə o a iː uː aː/
(C₁)V(l, r, ɬ, s)(C₂)
C₂ cannot be a fricative if preceded by /ɬ/ or /s/.
Stress is penultimate.
-spread of labialization in consonant clutsers
-q͡χ/qχ/_, q͡χʷ/qχʷ/_
-Cᵡ/Cq/_
-pʰ/ɸ/_, tʰ/θ/_, t͡sʰ/s/_, kʰ/x/_, kʷʰ/xʷ/_
-t͡s/θ/_
-V/Ṽ/_N
-Stress shifts to the first syllable.
-Intervocalic lenition (T>F>Ø)
-loss of directly post-stress syllables [unless it has 1) all three coda slots filled, or 2) a long vowel, in which case the next one, and so on until a viable syllable appears; rule 1 null if starts with one consonant with nothing preceeding; syllable avoided if result impermissable]
-r/ʀ/_
-Ṽ()N/Ṽ()/_C
-lenition/V([j,l,w,ʀ])_C (T>F>Ø)
-[l,ʀ,j,w]//V_V
-ʀ/qχ/_
-k/t͡ɕ/_, kʷ/t͡ɕʷ/_, x/ɕ/_, xʷ/ɕʷ/_
-uvulars>velars
-Ṽ/ə/_
-VV/Vː/_ (already long vowels stay, corner vowels strongest, otherwise decided based on second member: V[e,i]>iː, V[ə,a]>aː, V[o,u]>uː)
-ə/ɨ/_
-a/ɑ~ɒ/_
-palatalization before front vowels (i/iː/e/aː) and from j
-ɨ/i/_
-loss of all short i (unless in syllable adjacent to that of a lost vowel, stress gets priority)
-uː/iː/_
-loss of length distinction
-labial coloring and labialization loss (with appropriate backing)
-a inserted before syllabic consonants
-[θ,ɸ]/f/_
-ɑ~ɒ/ɔ/_
Original:
ˈt͡sᵡo.juːq͡χ. məsp.ˈlax.t͡siː tᵡuːltᵡ.ˈmar.kʷʰe ɬətʰ.pʰaːn.ˈq͡χʷe.siːx xʷəsk.jo.ˈrapᵡ.wi uː.ˈkʰərp.ka ˈne.xʷisk aː.ˈt͡sᵡirs.we
Now:
ˈfkix am.ˈplɔ.fʲi ˈtkilf.kmɔxɕ ˈɬuf.xʲuɕ ˈɕxʲoxf.ku iɕxft͡ɕʷ nʲost͡ɕ ˈakʲ.xsu
Demonstration of how destructive this is:
ma.naj.q͡χʷi.lit͡sᵡ.ˈmə.pʰestʰ >> ˈmuk.mʲof
Edit: syllable separation
[meta comment]
Re: Sound Change Golf
Re: Sound Change Golf
ˈt͡sᵡo.juːq͡χ. məsp.ˈlax.t͡siː tᵡuːltᵡ.ˈmar.kʷʰe ɬətʰ.pʰaːn.ˈq͡χʷe.siːx xʷəsk.jo.ˈrapᵡ.wi uː.ˈkʰərp.ka ˈne.xʷisk aː.ˈt͡sᵡirs.we
l>j preceding a coronal, l>w elsewhere in coda
r>∅ preceding a consonant, the preceding vowel becomes long
s>h preceding an obstruent
ɬ s x xʷ>l r h w
pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ kʷʰ>ɸ θ s x xʷ
pᵡ tᵡ t͡sᵡ q͡χ q͡χʷ>pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ kʷʰ
hp ht ht͡s hk> ɸ θ s x
An obstruent between sonorants becomes voiced (except aspirated plosives)
Two adjacent consonants with the same mode of articulation assimilate to the second one (it becomes geminated)
If two aspirated plosives occur in the same word the second one becomes a fricative
e o a>i u ə when unstressed
Unstressed long vowels become short
ə, əː>ɨ, ɨː when stressed
A voiced fricative is deleted if it precedes a voiced consonant
Labialized consonants become bilabial
Geminated consonants become simple
ɸ, β>f, v
ˈt͡sʰojux məˈlasi tʰujˈmaːvi ləfamˈpʰerih wəjuˈrapʰwi uˈɣɨːkə ˈnewix aˈt͡sʰiːrwi
/pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ/
/p t t͡s k/
/b d d͡z g/
/f θ s x/
/v ð z ɣ/
/m n l r j w/
/iː ɨː uː eː oː aː/
/i ɨ u e ə o a/
l>j preceding a coronal, l>w elsewhere in coda
r>∅ preceding a consonant, the preceding vowel becomes long
s>h preceding an obstruent
ɬ s x xʷ>l r h w
pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ kʷʰ>ɸ θ s x xʷ
pᵡ tᵡ t͡sᵡ q͡χ q͡χʷ>pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ kʷʰ
hp ht ht͡s hk> ɸ θ s x
An obstruent between sonorants becomes voiced (except aspirated plosives)
Two adjacent consonants with the same mode of articulation assimilate to the second one (it becomes geminated)
If two aspirated plosives occur in the same word the second one becomes a fricative
e o a>i u ə when unstressed
Unstressed long vowels become short
ə, əː>ɨ, ɨː when stressed
A voiced fricative is deleted if it precedes a voiced consonant
Labialized consonants become bilabial
Geminated consonants become simple
ɸ, β>f, v
ˈt͡sʰojux məˈlasi tʰujˈmaːvi ləfamˈpʰerih wəjuˈrapʰwi uˈɣɨːkə ˈnewix aˈt͡sʰiːrwi
/pʰ tʰ t͡sʰ kʰ/
/p t t͡s k/
/b d d͡z g/
/f θ s x/
/v ð z ɣ/
/m n l r j w/
/iː ɨː uː eː oː aː/
/i ɨ u e ə o a/
Queso: ¿qué es eso? -- Eso es queso
Re: Sound Change Golf
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ˈtseð ˈsaɜ ˈjæːm ˈɕiːɜ ˈŋakɨn ˈɕil. ˈtəŋa̤ ˈgɨ ˈlɨn ˈŋɨ kəs ˈken, ˈe ˈɕəŋa̤ ˈbaʔ ˈŋɨt. ˈɕatə̤ ˈɕe̤ː ˈən ˈlɨka̤ ˈtʂɨ̤ ə ˈin.
Re: Sound Change Golf
Another one:
/pʰ tʰ ʈʰ kʰ/
/p t ʈ k/
/ⁿpʰ ⁿtʰ ⁿʈʰ ⁿkʰ/
/ⁿp ⁿt ⁿʈ ⁿk/
/sʰ ʂʰ/
/s ʂ/
/ɬ l/
/i y ɯ u/
/e ø ɤ o/
/æ ɒ/
/eɪ øʏ æɪ ɤɯ oʊ ɒʊ/
/ĩ ỹ ɯ̃ ũ/
/æ̃ ɒ̃ æ̃ɪ ɒ̃ʊ/
Syllable: C(l)VC
Vowel harmony in backness. Sibilant harmony.
Consonants in coda are /P/ /T/ /TR/ /K/ /s/ /ʂ/ /l/. They agree to the following consonant's mode of articulation and become /ʔ/ at the end of a word.
Tones: H, L. Stress in the first syllable
SAMPLE:
/ˈⁿtǿKtǽ ˈⁿpɒ́stʰũ̀ⁿpɯ̀sɒ̀ ˈʂỳPsǿʏ̀kʏʂ ẽ́ɪ̃́ tóʊ̀ ˈⁿʈʰɤ̃́lkɯ̀TRkʰɯ̀ɬɯ̃̀ sʰæ̀ɪ́ sʰæ̀ɪ́ ˈpìTpʰæ̂ sò ⁿʈʰø̃́ʏ̃̀ ⁿtùl ˈⁿpæ̃̀Pⁿpǽɪ́/
/pʰ tʰ ʈʰ kʰ/
/p t ʈ k/
/ⁿpʰ ⁿtʰ ⁿʈʰ ⁿkʰ/
/ⁿp ⁿt ⁿʈ ⁿk/
/sʰ ʂʰ/
/s ʂ/
/ɬ l/
/i y ɯ u/
/e ø ɤ o/
/æ ɒ/
/eɪ øʏ æɪ ɤɯ oʊ ɒʊ/
/ĩ ỹ ɯ̃ ũ/
/æ̃ ɒ̃ æ̃ɪ ɒ̃ʊ/
Syllable: C(l)VC
Vowel harmony in backness. Sibilant harmony.
Consonants in coda are /P/ /T/ /TR/ /K/ /s/ /ʂ/ /l/. They agree to the following consonant's mode of articulation and become /ʔ/ at the end of a word.
Tones: H, L. Stress in the first syllable
SAMPLE:
/ˈⁿtǿKtǽ ˈⁿpɒ́stʰũ̀ⁿpɯ̀sɒ̀ ˈʂỳPsǿʏ̀kʏʂ ẽ́ɪ̃́ tóʊ̀ ˈⁿʈʰɤ̃́lkɯ̀TRkʰɯ̀ɬɯ̃̀ sʰæ̀ɪ́ sʰæ̀ɪ́ ˈpìTpʰæ̂ sò ⁿʈʰø̃́ʏ̃̀ ⁿtùl ˈⁿpæ̃̀Pⁿpǽɪ́/
Queso: ¿qué es eso? -- Eso es queso
Re: Sound Change Golf
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ˈɳɵʔtɐ ˈm̥ɵtɹ̥ũm̥əhɵ ˈʂukxokɵʂ ɛŋ to ˈɳəɳ̊kəkxəʂəŋ ɳ̊ɛ ɳ̊ɛ ˈɸiʔɸɐ hɵ ɳoŋ ɳuʂ ˈm̥ɐm̥ʔɛ
Re: Sound Change Golf
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xɔːjuːx ɔːpləsiː quːlqwəfɛː sfaːnpɛːʔiː pkjɔːʔəpɪ uːxpkə nɛːpɪk aːxɪwɛː
----
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ʒeːr kəpaːrɪɲɪs bəguːɲɪm kəðʊmeːrʊ txeːrɪ. bəguːɲɪ ʊŋkəpeːɪ ʒɪrəm ðəkəβeːm ðə n ʒəh. ɪ bəduː dɪm haːtʊ ʃɪt ʃə dɪm həʃɪ haːr.
Last edited by opipik on Mon Feb 01, 2016 12:47 pm, edited 1 time in total.
Re: Sound Change Golf
P T TR K > p t ʈ kxroox wrote: /ˈⁿtǿKtǽ ˈⁿpɒ́stʰũ̀ⁿpɯ̀sɒ̀ ˈʂỳPsǿʏ̀kʏʂ ẽ́ɪ̃́ tóʊ̀ ˈⁿʈʰɤ̃́lkɯ̀TRkʰɯ̀ɬɯ̃̀ sʰæ̀ɪ́ sʰæ̀ɪ́ ˈpìTpʰæ̂ sò ⁿʈʰø̃́ʏ̃̀ ⁿtùl ˈⁿpæ̃̀Pⁿpǽɪ́/
pʰ tʰ ʈʰ kʰ > ɸ ts tʂ x
ⁿp ⁿt ⁿʈ ⁿk > m n ɳ ŋ
ⁿpʰ ⁿtʰ ⁿʈʰ ⁿkʰ > ⁿp ⁿt ⁿʈ ⁿk > ⁿb ⁿd ⁿɖ ⁿk
ⁿb ⁿd ⁿɖ ⁿk > m n ɳ ŋ / _Ṽ
ɸ > w / V_B
ɸ > h
æ̃ æ̃ɪ > ẽ
ɒ̃ ɒ̃ʊ > õ
ɯ̃ ĩ > ĩ ẽ
Ṽ > Vː
ts k s > tɕ tɕ ɕ / _{ i(ː), y(ː) }
F > _ / P_V
sʰ > h
ʂ > ɻ / V_
ʂʰ > ʂ
ts, ʂ > s
tʂ > ts
æɪ ɒʊ > eɪ oʊ
ɯ ɤ ø > ə
oː ɤɯ ɒ oʊ ɵʏ eː eɪ æ > uː ɤ ɔ o ø iː eː a
V > V˞ / _R
ɻ > ə
R > D
ə > _ / [ -stress]
ə > a / [+ stress]
h > _
R = retroflex
D = alveolar/dental
F = high front vowel
P = palatal
B = non-low back vowe l
Thus,
/náktá mɔ́ssuːmɯsɔ sypsyky˞s éː tó naːlkɯ˞txɯɬɯː éː éː itá súː nǿː ⁿdul ⁿbaːpⁿbéː/
Náktá móssuumeuso sypsykyrs ée tóu naalkeurtheułeuu ée ée itá súu nóii dul baapbée
Low tone left unmarked.
Re: Sound Change Golf
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[sə̂ kʰaʔánit pə̀βíŋ ŋomə́t ʔəŋə́ʔ || pàɣùl əkʰaʔáə sêŋ tə̀βam tâ nə́ jə̀. ə pàtə́m téŋ ʔâʔ ʃə́ʔ ʃá téŋ ʔə̀k ŋə́ ||]
- Pogostick Man
- Avisaru
- Posts: 894
- Joined: Sat Jul 25, 2009 8:21 pm
- Location: Ohio
Re: Sound Change Golf
[sə̂ kʰaʔánit pə̀βíŋ ŋomə́t ʔəŋə́ʔ || pàɣùl əkʰaʔáə sêŋ tə̀βam tâ nə́ jə̀. ə pàtə́m téŋ ʔâʔ ʃə́ʔ ʃá téŋ ʔə̀k ŋə́ ||]
Modified Kikuyu tone shift: Level tones move one syllable to the right; initial syllables take a mid/neutral tone. Contour tones drop the second part of the contour.
V0 → Ø / V0ʔ_
ŋ → g / #_
CʰV → CV́
VCV → C[+ voiced]V / #_
{p,b} → Ø / #_
Vʔ → Vː
ʔ → Ø
ə(ː) → i(ː) / _#
u(ː) i(ː) → o(ː) e(ː) / _l
m n ŋ → β̃ ɹ̃ w̃ / V_V
s → ʃ / _i(ː)
VR[+ nas] → V[+ nas]R
u → o / w_
i → e / j_
o e → u̯o i̯e / _ŋ
[ʃíː kã́ːɹít ə̀βíŋ gõ̀βə̀t ə̃̀wìː || àɣòl gáːí si̯éŋ tə̀βàm tá nì jè. ì àtə̀m tèŋ áː ʃìː ʃà ti̯èŋ ə̀k gì ||]
Modified Kikuyu tone shift: Level tones move one syllable to the right; initial syllables take a mid/neutral tone. Contour tones drop the second part of the contour.
V0 → Ø / V0ʔ_
ŋ → g / #_
CʰV → CV́
VCV → C[+ voiced]V / #_
{p,b} → Ø / #_
Vʔ → Vː
ʔ → Ø
ə(ː) → i(ː) / _#
u(ː) i(ː) → o(ː) e(ː) / _l
m n ŋ → β̃ ɹ̃ w̃ / V_V
s → ʃ / _i(ː)
VR[+ nas] → V[+ nas]R
u → o / w_
i → e / j_
o e → u̯o i̯e / _ŋ
[ʃíː kã́ːɹít ə̀βíŋ gõ̀βə̀t ə̃̀wìː || àɣòl gáːí si̯éŋ tə̀βàm tá nì jè. ì àtə̀m tèŋ áː ʃìː ʃà ti̯èŋ ə̀k gì ||]
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Index Diachronica PDF v.10.2
Conworld megathread
AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO
Index Diachronica PDF v.10.2
Conworld megathread
AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO