zompist bboard

/p pf t̪ t ʦ ʨ c k ʔ/ p fv r t ts j z g q
/pʰ t̪ʰ tʰ cʰ kʰ/ hp hr ht hz hg
/bv ʣ ʥ/ vf jz gy
/m n ɲ/ m n ny
/ɾ/ d
/f s ɕ x h/ f s c k h
/v z ʑ ɣ/ v xs sc x
/β̞ ð̞ l j w/ b td l y w

/i ɯ u e ɤ o a/ i ü u e ä aw a
/ɛi oʊ/ ai o

/á a à/ not marked

/hɑ́, ʔɑpɑ, tépɑ̀ɣɑ, mɤkʰɑ́cí, twɤ, ʥwé, pjopjoha, sòpwèpwèsù/
Ha, qapa, tepaxa, mähkazi, twä gywe, pyawpyawha, sawpwepwesu

or:

/p pf t̪ t ʦ ʨ c k ʔ/ p pf t. t ts tsh c k '~h
/pʰ t̪ʰ tʰ cʰ kʰ/ ph t.h th ch kh
/bv ʣ ʥ/ bv dz j
/m n ɲ/ m n ny
/ɾ/ r
/f s ɕ x h/ f s sh x h
/v z ʑ ɣ/ v z zh gh
/β̞ ð̞ l j w/ vv dh l y w

/i ɯ u e ɤ o a/ i ui u e ei aw a
/ɛi oʊ/ ei o

/á a à/ not marked

/hɑ́, ʔɑpɑ, tépɑ̀ɣɑ, mɤkʰɑ́cí, twɤ, ʥwé, pjopjoha, sòpwèpwèsù/
Ha, 'apa, tepagha, meikhaci, twei, jwe, pyawpyawha, sawpwepwesu.

A gleblang with a pretty average phoneme inventory.
Phonemic inventory

Consonants
Labial Alveolar Velar
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p b t d k g
Fricative f v s z x ɣ
Approximant l w

Vowels
Front Back
High i u
Mid-high e o
Low ɑ
Syllable structure

(C1)V(C2)

C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: one of /m n ŋ p t k f s x l w/

Allophony

Labial obstruents or nasals [m p f ...] assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
Non-nasal approximants [w l] persistently become voiceless [w̥ l̥] after a voiceless obstruent.
Obstruents [p d f ...] persistently assimilate in voice to a following obstruent.
[z] become [l] before an alveolar approximant.
Unrounded non-labial consonants [n k x ...] become rounded [nʷ kʷ xʷ ...] after a rounded semivowel.
Before a labial obstruent or nasal, velar obstruents or nasals become non-velar non-velar obstruents or nasals and assimilate in labiodentality; velar rounded obstruents or nasals become non-velar unrounded non-velar obstruents or nasals and assimilate in labiodentality.
Short voiced fricatives [β z ɣ ...] become approximants [m ∅ j ...] between a vowel or semivowel and a vowel or semivowel. Labial fricatives become nasal obstruents or nasals; [v] become [m]; [z] are deleted; [ɣ] become [j]; [zʷ] become [gʷ].
Alveolar stops [t d tʷ dʷ] become sibilants [t͡s d͡z t͡sʷ d͡zʷ] before a non-nasal alveolar fricative.
Some words

/lɑtɣo/ [lɑdɣo]
/dosgo/ [dozgo]
/duge/ [duge]
/zindol/ [zindol]
/zotsɑt/ [zot͡ssɑt]
/zimes/ [zimes]
/zot/ [zot]
/gogemgu/ [gogemgu]
/zelgɑ/ [zelgɑ]
/do/ [do]
/zullu/ [zullu]
/ɣekkep/ [ɣekkep]
/kipzu/ [kibzu]
/ŋɑlol/ [ŋɑlol]
/kuxo/ [kuxo]
/me/ [me]
/tolot/ [tolot]
/kiwgil/ [kiwgʷil]
/detut/ [detut]
/dotdi/ [doddi]
/ɣewgek/ [ɣewgʷek]
/zoɣe/ [zoje]
/gegun/ [gegun]
/betzeklɑt/ [bed͡zzekl̥ɑt]
/ɣelop/ [ɣelop]
/guke/ [guke]
/ɣexɑt/ [ɣexɑt]
/gokɣox/ [gogɣox]
/degɑ/ [degɑ]
/zi/ [zi]
Generated by Gleb version 0.3.1a / 5.0a with seed 1812512023.

Para Naga

/p pf t̪ t ʦ ʨ c k ʔ/ ⟨p pf ṭ t c č ť k q⟩
/pʰ t̪ʰ tʰ cʰ kʰ/ ⟨ph ṭh th ťh kh⟩
/bv ʣ ʥ/ ⟨bv dz dž⟩
/m n ɲ/ ⟨m n ň⟩
/ɾ/ ⟨r⟩
/f s ɕ x h/ ⟨f s š x h⟩
/v z ʑ ɣ/ ⟨v z ž g⟩
/β̞ ð̞ l j w/ ⟨b d l y w⟩

/i ɯ u e ɤ o a/ ⟨i iu u e eo o a⟩
/ɛi oʊ/ ⟨ei ou⟩

/á a à/ ⟨á a à⟩

/hɑ́, ʔɑpɑ, tépɑ̀ɣɑ, mɤkʰɑ́cí, twɤ, ʥwé, pjopjoha, sòpwèpwèsù/
Há, qapa, tépàga, meokháťí, tweo, džwé, pyopyoha, sòpwèpwèsù.

/p b t d ts~s tʃ k g ʔ/ p b t d ts ch k g x
/s z ʃ/ s z sh
/m n ŋ/ m n ng
/l r j w/ l r y w
/a e ə o i ɯ u/ a e ü o i ue u
+ length <not marked>
Tones: high falling, mid, low falling (written here as high, mid, low) <not marked>
All syllables ending in plosives are high. Stress is contrastive; unstressed syllables are toneless. Length apparently contrasts with sequences of identical vowels.

/té ətə̄ŋpè nɯ̄tʃə̀ŋwàpè íē. də̀mʃàpè nɯ̄ àŋʃə́r wāpè íē. tʃə̀ŋzòŋpè nɯ̄, tsə̄nʃì sórí dəzɯ̄m bə̀nlì taʔ dəzɯ̄mʃì wē tiʔpè í yàŋ. tʃə̀ŋnə̄ŋpè nɯ̄, tsə̄nʃì wē ənípè wāpè iē, tʃə̀ŋzòŋpè taʔ nə̄mʃì rə̄ŋʃìpè íē. àŋní nɯ̄, bə̀nlì ʃəlē taʔ dəzɯ̄:mò nɯ̀, àŋníí dəzɯ̄m bɯ́ò təlú taʔ də̀mʃà nɯ̄ wàyà:ŋì./

Te ütüngpe nuechüngwape ie, Dümshape nui angshur wape ie. Chüngzongpe nue, tsünshi sori düzuem bünli tax düzumshi we tixpe i yang. Chüngnüngpe nue, tsünshi we ünipe wape ie...

Sorbung

/p pʰ t tʰ c k kʰ/
/b d ɡ/
/m n ŋ/
/(v) s ʃ h/
/r/
/l j w/

/a aː e eː o oː i iː ʉ ʉː u uː/*
/ə/

/á a à/

/məhʉtʰoːn, ʔítà kʰón, məkʰáːruː, ʔənúːŋlàm, nákʰùːr, ʔəhʉ́t, ràmbʉː háːŋ, ʔəríːloːkpaː, ʔəkʰúk, ʔəwaːhambʉ́ː, ʔəhuát, màŋgəléː, kʰʉpʉ́ kʰʉncaːŋ/

----

*pronounced as [ɐ aː ɛ ei ɔ ou ɪ iː ʉ ʉː ʊ uː]

/p pʰ t tʰ c k kʰ/ <p hp t ht ch k hk>
/b d ɡ/ <b d g>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/(v) s ʃ h/ <v s sh h>
/r/ <r>
/l j w/ <l y w>

/a aː e eː o oː i iː ʉ ʉː u uː/* <a o/aa e ai/ay aw oa/oCe i ee/eCe ou oo ou oo>
/ə/ <u>

/á a à/

/məhʉtʰoːn, ʔítà kʰón, məkʰáːruː, ʔənúːŋlàm, nákʰùːr, ʔəhʉ́t, ràmbʉː háːŋ, ʔəríːloːkpaː, ʔəkʰúk, ʔəwaːhambʉ́ː, ʔəhuát, màŋgəléː, kʰʉpʉ́ kʰʉncaːŋ/
Muhouhtone, ita hkone, muhkoroo unoonglam, nahkoor, uhout, ramboo hong, ureeloakpaa, uhkouk, uwohambou uhouat, manggulay, hkoupou hkounchong.

----

*pronounced as [ɐ aː ɛ ei ɔ ou ɪ iː ʉ ʉː ʊ uː]

/p pʰ t tʰ c k kʰ/ p hp t ht ky k hk
/b d ɡ/ b d g
/m n ŋ/ m n ng
/(v) s ʃ h/ v s sh h
/r/ r
/l j w/ l y w

/a aː e eː o oː i iː ʉ ʉː u uː/* a aa e ai aw o i ii ui uui u uu
/ə/ eu

/á a à/ not marked

/məhʉtʰoːn, ʔítà kʰón, məkʰáːruː, ʔənúːŋlàm, nákʰùːr, ʔəhʉ́t, ràmbʉː háːŋ, ʔəríːloːkpaː, ʔəkʰúk, ʔəwaːhambʉ́ː, ʔəhuát, màŋgəléː, kʰʉpʉ́ kʰʉncaːŋ/
Meuhuihton, ita hkawn, meuhkaaruu eunuunglam, nahkuur, euhuit, rambuui haang, euriilokpaa, euwaahambuui euhuat, manggeulai, hkuipui hkuinkyaang.

----

*pronounced as [ɐ aː ɛ ei ɔ ou ɪ iː ʉ ʉː ʊ uː]

Lower Xumi

/pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k g qʰ q ɢ/ <p b bb t d dd k g gg qk qg qgg>
/tsʰ ts dz tʂʰ tʂ dʐ tʃʰ tʃ dʒ tɕʰ tɕ dʑ/ <c z zz ch zh zzh chy zhy zzhy j q jj>
/s z ʃ ʒ ɕ ʑ x ɣ ʁ h ɦ/ <s z sh r x xx h hh v hv vh>
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ̥ ɲ ŋ̥ ŋ/ <hm m hn n hny ny hng ng>
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ w ɹ j/ <hl l hly ly w rr y>
/ɑ ɛ ɐ e o i ʉ u ɿ ã ɛ̃ ɐ̃ õ ĩ/ <a ai ae ea o i ue u r aa aai ee oo ii>

/˥ ˦˨ ˨˦/ <-q -x -v>

Tones are word-level except when they aren't.

/tɕʰike˨˦ ʔine˦˨ l̥e˥ ɲi, ɲɐmi˦˨ ɲɐko˨˦, ɲɐko˨˦, ɲi˥ χɑ tsɑji˨˦, tsʰelo˦˨ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥. tsʰelo˦˨ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥ ʎɐ.ɿ˥, tɐ˥, hĩ˥ dʑĩ˨˦ tɐ˥ pɑtɕʰõʎowɛ̃ji˥. hĩ˥ tʰiɿ˥, hĩ˥, tʰɐno˨˦ ɲi˥ gu˥ negu˦˨ ʎɐdʑipʰʉ˨˦ dɐʁo˨˦, pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥. negu˦˨ ʎɐdʑipʰʉ˨˦ dɐʁo˨˦ pɐʎowɛ̃ji˥ ʎɐɿ˥, l̥eɿ˥, ɹuβɐseɿ˥ l̥e˥pe˥tɕʰo˥ʎowɛ̃ji. ɹuβɐse˥ l̥e˥ ʎɐɿ˥, tʰi˥ ʎɐpʰʉ˨˦ medɑ̃˦˨ ʎowɛ̃ji./
Qigeav ineax hleaq nyi, nyaemix nyaekov. nyaekov, nyiq ha zayiv, cealox baelyowaaiyiq lya-rq, daeq, hviiq jjiiv daeq baqoolyowaaiyiq. Hviiq ti-rq, hviiq, taenov...

----
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Upper Xumi

/pʰ p b mb tʰ t d nd kʰ k g ŋɡ qʰ q/
/tsʰ ts dz ndz tʂʰ tʂ dʐ ɳdʐ tɕʰ tɕ dʑ/
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ ŋ/
/s z ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ x χ ʁ h ɦ/
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ w ɹ j/

/ɐ ɛ ɜ ɔ e o i ʉ u ɿ ɐ̃ ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ɘ̃ ĩ ũ/

/˩˧ ˧˥ ˥/

/ŋɜ˧˥ hĩ˧˥ wɛ̃˩˧ʁɔ̃ ʑu ʐɿ, tʰo˧˥ bɜ˧˥ɡɜ dʑɔ̃˩˧. ŋɜ˧˥ tʰibɜʑu˧˥ mɜɹɔ̃ji˧˥. ɐju˧˥ ŋɜsɿ˧˥ buxu˧˥ dʑi˧˥ɹɛ̃ kɛ̃˧˥ji. ŋɜsɿ˧˥ dʑũ˧˥ ɡwɜkuɹɛ̃˧˥ lɐŋɡɐji˧˥. dʑimɐʎɛʎɛ, hĩ˧˥tʰiɹɛ̃ tsʰu˧˥sɿ bɐ̃˧˥ ʁɛ̃˩˧liɲɔ̃. l̥ɐmutsʰuɹɛ̃˧˥: “ɲi˧˥ ŋɜwu˧˥ dɜ˧˥ ʑu, ŋɜ˧˥ ɲisɿ˧˥ mjɛũ˥ tɕi˩˧ɡɜ,” pɜ˧˥liɲɔ̃./

Methinat

/p t k/
/ɸ θ s ʃ h/
/m n ɹ l j w/
/i u e ɑ/
±length (transcribed with colon)
±high pitch (transcribed with acute accent)

Sample:
/wé:lθ ɑ́nɑwɑlnɑun ɑ́u éʃwun ɑ́ju kɹɑ́:wu wɑ́snɑ:wɑlk ɑ́ju méʃɑju péɹt̪pɑɹ ɑ́ju ɑ́:ʃwɑt̪ wí:ɹpɑɹ | wékθ ɑ́u ɑʃwɑ́s ɑjɑ́ t̪ɑ́:t̪ ɑ́mnes ʃé:ɹt̪ ét̪ul ɑ́mn ʃunɑ́: wi:ɹú éʃwɑʃ wé:lm | wɑkén éʃwis ɑjɑ́ ʃlɑwé ɑ́u t̪ɑ́nt̪ ú:su: ʃé:ɹt̪is ét̪ul u:sɑ́s kɑ́ welmn ʃjú θé:st̪ wí:ɹ pɑ́t̪ ɑujés ɑ́wɑlnu hɑɹmɑ́i wé:θɹɑi séwes | ɑ́ɹ ɑ́u ɑ́nɑwɑlnɑun | ɸéukθ ɑ́u é ɑ́ʃɹu ʃíʃlɑu/

For Lower I meant Upper Xumi:
/pʰ p b mb tʰ t d nd kʰ k g ŋɡ qʰ q/ <p b bb mb t d dd nd k g gg ngg qk qg>
/tsʰ ts dz ndz tʂʰ tʂ dʐ ɳdʐ tɕʰ tɕ dʑ/ <c z zz nz ch zh zzh nzh j q jj>
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ ŋ/ <hm m hn n ny ng>
/s z ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ x χ ʁ h ɦ/ <s z sh r x xx h gh v hv vh>
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ w ɹ j/ <hl l hly ly w rr y>

/ɐ ɛ ɜ ɔ e o i ʉ u ɿ ɐ̃ ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ɘ̃ ĩ ũ/ <a ai eh au ea o i ue u r aa aai aau eeh ii uu>

/˩˧ ˧˥ ˥/ <-f -x -q>

/ŋɜ˧˥ hĩ˧˥ wɛ̃˩˧ʁɔ̃ ʑu ʐɿ, tʰo˧˥ bɜ˧˥ɡɜ dʑɔ̃˩˧. ŋɜ˧˥ tʰibɜʑu˧˥ mɜɹɔ̃ji˧˥. ɐju˧˥ ŋɜsɿ˧˥ buxu˧˥ dʑi˧˥ɹɛ̃ kɛ̃˧˥ji. ŋɜsɿ˧˥ dʑũ˧˥ ɡwɜkuɹɛ̃˧˥ lɐŋɡɐji˧˥. dʑimɐʎɛʎɛ, hĩ˧˥tʰiɹɛ̃ tsʰu˧˥sɿ bɐ̃˧˥ ʁɛ̃˩˧liɲɔ̃. l̥ɐmutsʰuɹɛ̃˧˥: “ɲi˧˥ ŋɜwu˧˥ dɜ˧˥ ʑu, ŋɜ˧˥ ɲisɿ˧˥ mjɛũ˥ tɕi˩˧ɡɜ,” pɜ˧˥liɲɔ̃./
<ngehx hviix waaifvaau xxu rr, tox bbehxggeh jjaauf. ngehx tibbehxxux mehrraauyix. ayux ngehsrx bbuhux jjixrraai gaaixyi. ngehsrx jjuux ggwehgurraaix langggayix. jjimalyailyai, hviixtirraai cuxsr bbaax vaaiflinyaau. hlamucurraaix: “nyix ngehwux ddehx xxu, ngehx nyisrx myaiuuq qifggeh,” behxlinyaau.>

I'M TOO LAZY TO THINK OF A NAME
/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ ɡ/
/m̊ m n̊ n ŋ̊ ŋ/
/s sʰ z ʂ ʂʰ ʐ ɕ ɕʰ ʑ h/
/t͡s t͡sʰ d͡z ʈ͡ʂ ʈ͡ʂʰ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ d͡ʑ/

/i ɨ u/
/e ə o/
/a/

Velars become palatal before /i e/.

/peʐea aŋ̊hok t͡ɕʰɨsʰə ad madin keɖ͡ʐa cim̊pat͡s./
/ad kʰaz ɲ̊epaʈ͡ʂ boʑu sahe ŋuɕʰim̊./

Good luck saying this five times fast!
/t͡ɕʰisʰə ʈ͡ʂʰaɕan sʰɨs d͡ʑand͡zə ʐaɕʰim̊? ʂʰad͡z! ʈ͡ʂʰaɕan t͡ɕʰisʰə sʰɨs d͡ʑand͡zə sat͡sʰat͡s, as d͡ʑat͡ɕʰi!/

/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ ɡ/ <p hp b t ht d k hk g>
/m̊ m n̊ n ŋ̊ ŋ/ <hm m hn n hng ng>
/s sʰ z ʂ ʂʰ ʐ ɕ ɕʰ ʑ h/ <s hs z r hr l x hx y h>
/t͡s t͡sʰ d͡z ʈ͡ʂ ʈ͡ʂʰ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ d͡ʑ/ <c hc dz ch hch jh q hq j>

/i ɨ u/ <i ü u>
/e ə o/ <e ë o>
/a/ <a>

Velars become palatal before /i e/.

/peʐea aŋ̊hok t͡ɕʰɨsʰə ad madin keɖ͡ʐa cim̊pat͡s./
/ad kʰaz ɲ̊epaʈ͡ʂ boʑu sahe ŋuɕʰim̊./

Good luck saying this five times fast!
/t͡ɕʰisʰə ʈ͡ʂʰaɕan sʰɨs d͡ʑand͡zə ʐaɕʰim̊? ʂʰad͡z! ʈ͡ʂʰaɕan t͡ɕʰisʰə sʰɨs d͡ʑand͡zə sat͡sʰat͡s, as d͡ʑat͡ɕʰi!/

Pelea anghok qühsë ad madin kejha kimpac. Ad hkaz hngepach boyu sahe nguhxihm.
Hqihsë hchaxan hsüs jandzë lahxihm? Hradz! Hchaxan hqihsë jandzë sahcac, as jahqi!
or
Pelea añhok qüssë ad madin kejha kimpac. Ad kkaz ññepach boyu sahe nguxximm.
Qqihsë cchaxan ssüs jandzë laxximm? Rradz! Cchaxan qqissë jandzë saccac, as jaqqi!

/p pʰ b t tʰ d k kʰ ɡ/ <p ph b t th d k kh g>
/m̊ m n̊ n ŋ̊ ŋ/ <hm m hn n hng ng>
/s sʰ z ʂ ʂʰ ʐ ɕ ɕʰ ʑ h/ <s sh z š šh ž ś śh ź h>
/t͡s t͡sʰ d͡z ʈ͡ʂ ʈ͡ʂʰ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ d͡ʑ/ <c ch dz č čh dž ć ćh dź>

/i ɨ u/ <i ü u>
/e ə o/ <e y o>
/a/ <a>

Velars become palatal before /i e/.

/peʐea aŋ̊hok t͡ɕʰɨsʰə ad madin keɖ͡ʐa cim̊pat͡s./
/ad kʰaz ɲ̊epaʈ͡ʂ boʑu sahe ŋuɕʰim̊./

Good luck saying this five times fast!
/t͡ɕʰisʰə ʈ͡ʂʰaɕan sʰɨs d͡ʑand͡zə ʐaɕʰim̊? ʂʰad͡z! ʈ͡ʂʰaɕan t͡ɕʰisʰə sʰɨs d͡ʑand͡zə sat͡sʰat͡s, as d͡ʑat͡ɕʰi!/

Pežea ahnghok čhüshy ad madin kedža ťimpac.
Ad khaz hňepač božu sahe ngušhim.
Ćhishy čhaśan shüs dźandzy žaśhim? Šhadz! Čhaśan ćhishy shüs dźandzy sachac, as dźaćhi!

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Upper Xumi as Qiang:

/pʰ p b mb tʰ t d nd kʰ k g ŋɡ qʰ q/ <p b mb t d nd k g ngg kv gv>
/tsʰ ts dz ndz tʂʰ tʂ dʐ ɳdʐ tɕʰ tɕ dʑ/ <c z zz nzz ch zh dh ndh q j jj>
/m̥ m n̥ n ɲ ŋ/ <hm m hn n ny ng>
/s z ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ x χ ʁ h ɦ/ <s z sh r x xx h v vv hv vh>
/l̥ l ʎ̥ ʎ w ɹ j/ <hl l hly ly w rr y>

/ɐ ɛ ɜ ɔ e o i ʉ u ɿ ɐ̃ ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ɘ̃ ĩ ũ/ <a ai e ao ea o i w u r aa eea oo ee ii uu>

/˩˧ ˧˥ ˥/ <-f -q -x>

/ŋɜ˧˥ hĩ˧˥ wɛ̃˩˧ʁɔ̃ ʑu ʐɿ, tʰo˧˥ bɜ˧˥ɡɜ dʑɔ̃˩˧. ŋɜ˧˥ tʰibɜʑu˧˥ mɜɹɔ̃ji˧˥. ɐju˧˥ ŋɜsɿ˧˥ buxu˧˥ dʑi˧˥ɹɛ̃ kɛ̃˧˥ji. ŋɜsɿ˧˥ dʑũ˧˥ ɡwɜkuɹɛ̃˧˥ lɐŋɡɐji˧˥. dʑimɐʎɛʎɛ, hĩ˧˥tʰiɹɛ̃ tsʰu˧˥sɿ bɐ̃˧˥ ʁɛ̃˩˧liɲɔ̃. l̥ɐmutsʰuɹɛ̃˧˥: “ɲi˧˥ ŋɜwu˧˥ dɜ˧˥ ʑu, ŋɜ˧˥ ɲisɿ˧˥ mjɛũ˥ tɕi˩˧ɡɜ,” pɜ˧˥liɲɔ̃./
Ngeq hviiq weeafvvoo xxu rr, toq bbeqgge jjoof. Ngeq thibexxuq merrooyiq. Ayuq ngesrq bbuhuq jjiqrreea geeaqyi...

One of my long forgotten languages.
/soljosæd/
/p b t d g/
/f s ð ɣ̤/
/ʋ l j ɥ w ɰ ɰ̱ ʕ h z/ plus length
/i ɨ u o æ a ɒ͓̆/ plus length
/sɣ̤ʋɨɒ͓̆t dɨːdgɒ͓̆ːt letehːen pɒ͓̆ːɥː soljosædgeːʋɣːuː bgæeːh/
Use an unusual Pacific Islandseqsue orthography because it is supposed to be spoken in an alternate Fiji.

/p b t d g/ p b t d g
/f s ð ɣ̤/ f s c ỿ
/ʋ l j ɥ w ɰ ɰ̱ ʕ h z/ v l j ẅ w ɯ r h̠ h z
plus length <CC>
/i ɨ u o æ a ɒ͓̆/ i ɨ u o ä a o꞉
plus length
/sɣ̤ʋɨɒ͓̆t dɨːdgɒ͓̆ːt letehːen pɒ͓̆ːɥː soljosædgeːʋɣːuː bgæeːh/
Sỿvio:t dɨɨdgo:t letehhen poo:ẅ soljosädgeevỿỿuu bgäeeh.

----
----

Tinputz

/p t k ʔ/
/m n/
/r/
/β s h/

/ɑ æ e i o ɔ u/ + vowel length

/mɔm toː βɑmɑtop βur em pɑː mɑː moeh tɑh kurus rɑkɑh kuruː toː ɑnoeh roː koː nem ɑ ɑnɔː mɔm seː tɑkɑh koː kɑː toyotɑʔ upun koβ ɑː mɑʔ mɔm kemɔm nɔː poʔ em || seː nɔː kæs koβ em βæh pɑː hɑnɑn toː βih ɑː nɔː rɑkɑh kuruː || eɔʔ kuruː meː rɑː poɑː koɑʔ peɔʔ keː sinɑneɑh || mɔm seː nɔː koː βos em ponus koː teʔ enem næn koː sip pɑhɑn ɑmɔm || mɔm nɔː em kɑmɑrɑuʔ koː ihoʔ enem koː ɑnoeh en em pɑː pɑrus || mɔm seː kæs æːn tɑh mɑː tɑæːn seː toɑrɑː nɔː koː βoen mɑʔ sɑænɑtɑun kemɔm æːn kæs||/

/p t k ʔ/ <p t k c>
/m n/ <m n>
/r/ <r>
/β s h/ <v s h>

/ɑ æ e i o ɔ u/ <a ê e i o â u>
+ vowel length <VV>

/mɔm toː βɑmɑtop βur em pɑː mɑː moeh tɑh kurus rɑkɑh kuruː toː ɑnoeh roː koː nem ɑ ɑnɔː mɔm seː tɑkɑh koː kɑː toyotɑʔ upun koβ ɑː mɑʔ mɔm kemɔm nɔː poʔ em || seː nɔː kæs koβ em βæh pɑː hɑnɑn toː βih ɑː nɔː rɑkɑh kuruː || eɔʔ kuruː meː rɑː poɑː koɑʔ peɔʔ keː sinɑneɑh || mɔm seː nɔː koː βos em ponus koː teʔ enem næn koː sip pɑhɑn ɑmɔm || mɔm nɔː em kɑmɑrɑuʔ koː ihoʔ enem koː ɑnoeh en em pɑː pɑrus || mɔm seː kæs æːn tɑh mɑː tɑæːn seː toɑrɑː nɔː koː βoen mɑʔ sɑænɑtɑun kemɔm æːn kæs||/

Mâm too vamatop vur em paa maa moeh tah kurus rakah kuruu too anoeh roo koo nem a anââ mâm see takah koo kaa Toyotac upun kov aa mac mâm kemâm nââ poc em. See nââ kês kov em vêh paa hanan too vih aa nââ rakah kuruu. Eâc kuruu mee raa poaa koac peâc kee sinaneah. Mâm see nââ koo vos em ponus koo tec enem nên koo sip pahan amâm. Mâm nââ em Kamarauc koo ihoc enem koo anoeh en em paa parus. Mâm see kês êên tah maa taêên see toaraa nââ koo voen mac saênataun kemâm êên kês.

/p t k ʔ/ <p t c ch>
/m n/ <m n>
/r/ <r>
/β s h/ <v s h>

/ɑ æ e i o ɔ u/ <a ea e i o ou u>
+ vowel length <acute>

/mɔm toː βɑmɑtop βur em pɑː mɑː moeh tɑh kurus rɑkɑh kuruː toː ɑnoeh roː koː nem ɑ ɑnɔː mɔm seː tɑkɑh koː kɑː toyotɑʔ upun koβ ɑː mɑʔ mɔm kemɔm nɔː poʔ em || seː nɔː kæs koβ em βæh pɑː hɑnɑn toː βih ɑː nɔː rɑkɑh kuruː || eɔʔ kuruː meː rɑː poɑː koɑʔ peɔʔ keː sinɑneɑh || mɔm seː nɔː koː βos em ponus koː teʔ enem næn koː sip pɑhɑn ɑmɔm || mɔm nɔː em kɑmɑrɑuʔ koː ihoʔ enem koː ɑnoeh en em pɑː pɑrus || mɔm seː kæs æːn tɑh mɑː tɑæːn seː toɑrɑː nɔː koː βoen mɑʔ sɑænɑtɑun kemɔm æːn kæs||/

Moum tó vamatop vur em pá má moeh tah curus racah curú tó anoeh ró có nem a anóu moum sé tacah có cá toiotach upun cov á mach moum cemoum nóu poch em...

/p t k ʔ/ <p t k x>
/m n/ <m n>
/r/ <r>
/β s h/ <b s j>

/ɑ æ e i o ɔ u/ + vowel length <au ai e i ou o u> <ao ae ei ii ovu ov uu>

<h> is used in vowel secuences

/mɔm toː βɑmɑtop βur em pɑː mɑː moeh tɑh kurus rɑkɑh kuruː toː ɑnoeh roː koː nem ɑ ɑnɔː mɔm seː tɑkɑh koː kɑː toyotɑʔ upun koβ ɑː mɑʔ mɔm kemɔm nɔː poʔ em || seː nɔː kæs koβ em βæh pɑː hɑnɑn toː βih ɑː nɔː rɑkɑh kuruː || eɔʔ kuruː meː rɑː poɑː koɑʔ peɔʔ keː sinɑneɑh || mɔm seː nɔː koː βos em ponus koː teʔ enem næn koː sip pɑhɑn ɑmɔm || mɔm nɔː em kɑmɑrɑuʔ koː ihoʔ enem koː ɑnoeh en em pɑː pɑrus || mɔm seː kæs æːn tɑh mɑː tɑæːn seː toɑrɑː nɔː koː βoen mɑʔ sɑænɑtɑun kemɔm æːn kæs||/

Mom tovu baumautop bur em pao mao mouhej tauj kurus raukau kuruu tovu aunouhej rovu kovu nem au aunov mom sei taukauj kovu kao Toyotax upun kob ao maux mom kemom nov poux em. Sei nov kais koub em baij pao jaunaun tovu bij ao nov raukauj kuruu. Ehox kuruu mei rao pohao kohax pehaox kei sinaunehauj. Mom sei nov koux bous em ponous kovu tex enem nain kovu sip paujaun aumom. Mom nov em kaumaurauhux kovu ijoux enem kovu aunouhej en em pao paurus. Mom sei kais aen tauj mao tauhaen sei touhaurao nov kovu bouhen maux sauhainautauhun kemom aen kais.

Kartofelj, pasljon klubnenosnyj wid mnogoletnih klubnenosnyh trawjanistyh rastenij iz roda Pasljon semejstwa Pasljonovye. Klubni kartofelja jawljajutsja vażlym piszewym produktom, w otliczije ot jadowityh plodow, soderżaszih glikoalkaloid solanin. Klubni kartofelja imejut swojstwo zelenetj pri hranenii na swetu, ṡto jawljaetsja indikatorom powyṡennogo soderżanija solanina w nih. Upotreblenie w piszu odnogo pozelenewṡego klubnja wmeste s kożuroj możet priwesti k serjjoznomu otrawleniju. Drugim indikatorom powyṡennogo soderżanija jada w kartofele jawljaetsja gorjkowatyj wkus.

/p pʰ t tʰ c k kʰ/ <p ph t th ty k kh>
/b d ɡ/ <b d g>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ň>
/(v) s ʃ h/ <f s š h>
/r/ <r>
/l j w/ <l y v>

/a aː e eː o oː i iː ʉ ʉː u uː/ <a ā e ē o ō i ī ư ư̄ u ū>
/ə/ <ơ>

/á a à/ <á a à>

/məhʉtʰoːn, ʔítà kʰón, məkʰáːruː, ʔənúːŋlàm, nákʰùːr, ʔəhʉ́t, ràmbʉː háːŋ, ʔəríːloːkpaː, ʔəkʰúk, ʔəwaːhambʉ́ː, ʔəhuát, màŋgəléː, kʰʉpʉ́ kʰʉncaːŋ/

<Mơhưtōn, ítà khón, mơkhā́rū, ơnū́ňlàm, nákhùr, ơhứt, ràmbư̄ hā́ň, ơrī́lōkpā, ơkhúk, ơwāhambư̄́, ơhuát, màňgơlḗ, khưpứ khưntyāň.>

Pumi

/p t ʈ ts ʈʂ ʨ k q/
/pʰ tʰ ʈʰ tsʰ ʈʂʰ ʨʰ kʰ qʰ/
/b d ɖ ʣ ɖʐ ʥ ɡ/
/m m̥ n n̥ ŋ/
/s ʂ ɕ h/
/z ʐ ʑ ɦ/
/j ɻ w l/
/ɻ̊ l̥/

/i ʉ u ə æ ɐ ɑ/
/ĩ ẽ õ æ̃/
/ɛj~e ɑw~o/

/ɑ ɑ́ ɑ̂ ɑ̀ ɑ̌/

/ɻə́kʰì də̀bǔ ɐ̀mɑ́ mì qʰɑ́ ɕə́ kʰìbù, sə̀qú ŋwɐ́kùtù ɕə́sễ. mì qʰɑ́ tə́ɕə̀ kʰìbù, də̀bǔ ɐ́ɻə̀ hɑ̀ʨʰǐ ʐɐ́n̥ṍ ŋwɐ́n̥õ̀ɡæ̀ nɐ̀kú tə́ɕə̀./

/p t k/
/m n ŋ/
/f s h/
/r j w/

/i ɨ u/
/e ẽ ɘ ɘ̃ o õ/
/a ã/

/i ɘ̃tã fẽta/
/ta kia arin ɘ̃tã fẽta/
/ta rahta sikfe kakã wima/
/fẽta pitit kekwuŋ/
/witɨf sat ta naksɘŋ/
/õ sitɨs ɨkẽt ɘ̃tã fẽta/

--------

/p t ʈ ts ʈʂ ʨ k q/ <b d dr ds drs dc g qq>
/pʰ tʰ ʈʰ tsʰ ʈʂʰ ʨʰ kʰ qʰ/ <p t tr ts trs tc k q>
/b d ɖ ʣ ɖʐ ʥ ɡ/ <bb dd ddr dds ddrs ddc gg>
/m m̥ n n̥ ŋ/ <m hm n hn ng>
/s ʂ ɕ h/ <s sr c h>
/z ʐ ʑ ɦ/ <z zr j hh>
/j ɻ w l/ <y r w l>
/ɻ̊ l̥/ <hr hl>

/i ʉ u ə æ ɐ ɑ/ <i y u e aa a o>
/ĩ ẽ õ æ̃/ <ih eh oh ah>
/ɛj~e ɑw~o/ <ey ow>

/ɑ ɑ́ ɑ̂ ɑ̀ ɑ̌/ <a á â à au>

Double consonants at the start of a word are reduced to single consonants.
Only use accent marks when the preceding pitch is different.

/ɻə́kʰì də̀bǔ ɐ̀mɑ́ mì qʰɑ́ ɕə́ kʰìbù, sə̀qú ŋwɐ́kùtù ɕə́sễ. mì qʰɑ́ tə́ɕə̀ kʰìbù, də̀bǔ ɐ́ɻə̀ hɑ̀ʨʰǐ ʐɐ́n̥ṍ ŋwɐ́n̥õ̀ɡæ̀ nɐ̀kú tə́ɕə̀./
Rékì dèbbuu àmó mì qá ce kìbu, seqqú ngwagùdu césê. Mì qó tecè kibbu, debbuu árè hotciu zánoh ngwanòhggaa nagú tecè.

Folopa

/p b t d k/
/m n/
/ɾ/
/s sʲ h hʷ/
/j l w/

/ɑ ɛ e i u o ɔ/
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ũ õ ɔ̃/

/ɑtɛpɑ, kɑle so dokɑɑi jɑle hʷĩ Josep ɑ̃ me dowi ɑlɑkɛlɛ ini, mo donoi hʷĩ wisinɑɑle beteɾeteinɛ so hʷĩ peɑnɛ eɾɑteɾemɔ, kɑle so ɑ̃ hɑle jɑõsɔɾɔ, kikiti tokɔ̃ dɑɑlɑɑi kisipɑ muɑlepɔ. kɑle hõɾenɛ deɾe ɑlɑ bete kisipɑɾe hʷĩɾɑpepɑɑe wosetepɑ, ɑtimɑnɛ ɑ̃pɑɑe jɔ melɑle be dẽ tuɛ̃ muluɾɑɑlu, ɑtɛɾɔ dɔlɔ kemeɾɑe jɔlɔ dotẽjɑlepɔ. ɑtɛɾɔ betepɑ, dowi ɑlɑ jɔ̃pɔlɔ sũ sɔɾɔ dɛe nɑlɑteɾe sekɛ̃ wɔlɔ ɑ̃pɑɑe duɾɑɑlu, “jɑ̃tɑmo Kɔtɔnɛ Nɑɑlemɑpɑtɑ, ti i kɑneɾɑpepɑɑe bɾed o ɑlɛe fɑe jɑe,” jɑlepɔ. /

̃/p b t d k/ <p b t d k>
/m n/ <m n>
/ɾ/ <r>
/s sʲ h hʷ/ <s sy h hw>
/j l w/ <y l w>

/ɑ ɛ e i u o ɔ/ <a a꞉ e i u o o꞉>
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ũ õ ɔ̃/ <a̱ a̱꞉ e̱ i̱ u̱ o̱ o̱꞉>

/ɑtɛpɑ, kɑle so dokɑɑi jɑle hʷĩ Josep ɑ̃ me dowi ɑlɑkɛlɛ ini, mo donoi hʷĩ wisinɑɑle beteɾeteinɛ so hʷĩ peɑnɛ eɾɑteɾemɔ, kɑle so ɑ̃ hɑle jɑõsɔɾɔ, kikiti tokɔ̃ dɑɑlɑɑi kisipɑ muɑlepɔ. kɑle hõɾenɛ deɾe ɑlɑ bete kisipɑɾe hʷĩɾɑpepɑɑe wosetepɑ, ɑtimɑnɛ ɑ̃pɑɑe jɔ melɑle be dẽ tuɛ̃ muluɾɑɑlu, ɑtɛɾɔ dɔlɔ kemeɾɑe jɔlɔ dotẽjɑlepɔ. ɑtɛɾɔ betepɑ, dowi ɑlɑ jɔ̃pɔlɔ sũ sɔɾɔ dɛe nɑlɑteɾe sekɛ̃ wɔlɔ ɑ̃pɑɑe duɾɑɑlu, “jɑ̃tɑmo Kɔtɔnɛ Nɑɑlemɑpɑtɑ, ti i kɑneɾɑpepɑɑe bɾed o ɑlɛe fɑe jɑe,” jɑlepɔ. /

Ata꞉pa, kale so dokaai yale hwi̱ Josep a̱ me dowi alaka꞉la꞉ ini, mo donoi hwi̱ wisinaale betereteina꞉ so hwi̱ peana꞉ erateremo꞉, kale so a̱ hale yao̱so꞉ro꞉, kikiti toko̱꞉ daalaai kisipa mualepo꞉. Kale ho̱rena꞉ dere ala bete kisipare hwi̱rapepaae wosetepa, atimana꞉ a̱paae yo꞉ melale be de̱ tua̱꞉ muluraalu, ata꞉ro꞉ do꞉lo꞉ kemerae yo꞉lo꞉ dote̱yalepo꞉. Ata꞉ro꞉ betepa, dowi ala yo̱꞉po꞉lo꞉ su̱ so꞉ro꞉ da꞉e nalatere seka̱꞉ wo꞉lo꞉ a̱paae duraalu, “Ya̱tamo Ko꞉to꞉na꞉ Naalemapata, ti i kanerapepaae bred o ala꞉e fae yae,” yalepo꞉.

/p b t d k/ <p b t d c>
/m n/ <m n>
/ɾ/ <r>
/s sʲ h hʷ/ <s si h ch>
/j l w/ <i l u>

/ɑ ɛ e i u o ɔ/ <a ai e i u o ou>
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ũ õ ɔ̃/ <amh aimh emh imh umh omh oumh>

/ɑtɛpɑ, kɑle so dokɑɑi jɑle hʷĩ Josep ɑ̃ me dowi ɑlɑkɛlɛ ini, mo donoi hʷĩ wisinɑɑle beteɾeteinɛ so hʷĩ peɑnɛ eɾɑteɾemɔ, kɑle so ɑ̃ hɑle jɑõsɔɾɔ, kikiti tokɔ̃ dɑɑlɑɑi kisipɑ muɑlepɔ. kɑle hõɾenɛ deɾe ɑlɑ bete kisipɑɾe hʷĩɾɑpepɑɑe wosetepɑ, ɑtimɑnɛ ɑ̃pɑɑe jɔ melɑle be dẽ tuɛ̃ muluɾɑɑlu, ɑtɛɾɔ dɔlɔ kemeɾɑe jɔlɔ dotẽjɑlepɔ. ɑtɛɾɔ betepɑ, dowi ɑlɑ jɔ̃pɔlɔ sũ sɔɾɔ dɛe nɑlɑteɾe sekɛ̃ wɔlɔ ɑ̃pɑɑe duɾɑɑlu, “jɑ̃tɑmo Kɔtɔnɛ Nɑɑlemɑpɑtɑ, ti i kɑneɾɑpepɑɑe bɾed o ɑlɛe fɑe jɑe,” jɑlepɔ. /

Ataipa, cale so docaäi iale chimh Iosep amh me doui alacailai ini, mo donoi chimh uisinaäle...

Folopa

/p b t d k/ <p b t d k>
/m n/ <m n>
/ɾ/ <r>
/s sʲ h hʷ/ <s x h f>
/j l w/ <y l w>

/ɑ ɛ e i u o ɔ/ <a è e i u o ò>
/ɑ̃ ɛ̃ ẽ ĩ ũ õ ɔ̃/ <añ...>

/ɑtɛpɑ, kɑle so dokɑɑi jɑle hʷĩ Josep ɑ̃ me dowi ɑlɑkɛlɛ ini, mo donoi hʷĩ wisinɑɑle beteɾeteinɛ so hʷĩ peɑnɛ eɾɑteɾemɔ, kɑle so ɑ̃ hɑle jɑõsɔɾɔ, kikiti tokɔ̃ dɑɑlɑɑi kisipɑ muɑlepɔ. kɑle hõɾenɛ deɾe ɑlɑ bete kisipɑɾe hʷĩɾɑpepɑɑe wosetepɑ, ɑtimɑnɛ ɑ̃pɑɑe jɔ melɑle be dẽ tuɛ̃ muluɾɑɑlu, ɑtɛɾɔ dɔlɔ kemeɾɑe jɔlɔ dotẽjɑlepɔ. ɑtɛɾɔ betepɑ, dowi ɑlɑ jɔ̃pɔlɔ sũ sɔɾɔ dɛe nɑlɑteɾe sekɛ̃ wɔlɔ ɑ̃pɑɑe duɾɑɑlu, “jɑ̃tɑmo Kɔtɔnɛ Nɑɑlemɑpɑtɑ, ti i kɑneɾɑpepɑɑe bɾed o ɑlɛe fɑe jɑe,” jɑlepɔ. /
Atèpa, kale so dokaai yale fiñ Yosep añ me dowi alakèlè ini, mo donoi fiñ wisinaale betereteinè so fiñ peanè erateremò, kale so añ hale yaoñsòrò, kikiti tokòñ daalaai kisipa mualepò.
or
Atèpa, cale so docâi iale fin Iosep an me dovi alaquellè ini, mo donoi fin visinâle betereteinè so fin peanè erateremò, cale so an jale iaonsorrò, quiquiti tocòn dâlâi quisipa mualepò.