Romanization challenge thread

[Nortaneous]

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t k q qu>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d g gq gqu>
/s x χ h/ <s x j h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v dh gh c cu>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r y w>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <e è a à o ò>
/a a:/ <aa àa>

/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
Sâjwal ghaláhta kwânas pikskâm hêdta gâsje.

[Matrix]

Thingy

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t ḳ k kw>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d ġ g gw>
/s x χ h/ <s ẋ x h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v dd ṙ r rw>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l rr y w>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <e ē a ā o ō>
/a a:/ <á ā́>

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/

Sāxwal ṙalahta ḳwānas piḳsḳām hēdta ġāsxe.

[Pole, the]

Thingy

/p t k q qʷ/
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/
/s x χ h/
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/
/m n/
/l r j w/

/i u/
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/
/a a:/

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/

How much PIE is it inspired by?

[KathTheDragon]

All of it. It's intended to be a stage before reconstructable PIE. A WIP grammar can be found here. All it's lacking is a decent romanisation.

[Dē Graut Bʉr]

Thingy

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t k q qw>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d g ǧ ǧw>
/s x χ h/ <s x qgxħr* h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v đ ǥ ř řw>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r j w>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <eh₁ ēh₁ e ē eh₃ ēh₃>**
/a a:/ <eh₂ ēh₂>**

*Don't take this one seriously, I just find it appropriate to romanise an ugly sound in an ugly way. An alternative could be <ȟ>.
**Don't take these too seriously either, this is just to make it look more like PIE.

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
/sēqgxħrwel ǥelehte kwēnes pikskēm hēh₁dte gēsqgxħreh₁.

[Haplogy]

/m n nʷ ŋ ŋʷ/ <m n n ng ng>
/p t tʷ k kʷ q qʷ ʔ ʔʷ/ <p t t c c q q ʔ ʔ>
/b d g/ <b d g>
/pʼ pʷʼ tʼ tʷʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ/ <pˀ pˀ tˀ tˀ cˀ cˀ qˀ qˀ>
/t͡s t͡sʷ t͡ʃ d͡z d͡ʒ/ <tz tz ts dz ds>
/t͡sʼ t͡ʃʼ/ <tzˀ tsˀ>
/f fʷ s sʷ ɬ ʃ ʃʷ ʂ x xʷ X Xʷ h/ <f f sz sz ll s s rs ch ch qh qh h>
/v z zʷ ʒ ʒʷ ʐ ʐʷ ʁ ʁʷ/ <bh z z zs zs rz rz gh gh>
/sʼ ɬʼ ʃʷʼ χʼ/ <szˀ llˀ sˀ qhˀ>
/l r ɻ ɻʷ j ɥ w/ <l rr r r dh dh bh>

∅V∅
/i u ə a/ <i aui e a>
/ai au əi əu iə uə/ <ai aui edhi eobhue ia eua>

∅Vʷ
/i u ə a/ <io eu eo ao>
/ai au əi əu iə uə/ <aio au edhio eobhu iao euo>

ʷV∅
/i u ə a/ <ui ue oe oa>
/ai au əi əu iə uə/ <oai oabhoe oedhi obhue uia ua>

ʷVʷ
/i u ə a/ <oiu u o uao>
/ai au əi əu iə uə/ <oadheo oau oedhio obhu uio uo>

Hataszˀi zsoedhicˀtai quaoqoalleosztˀoan ruimarsaosˀoach tsasz tsˀrang dhuaoqˀobhueszqa szai.
Hataszˀı zsoeḋıcˀtaı quaoqoalleosztˀoan ruımarsaosˀoaċ tsasz tsˀrang ḋuaoqˀoḃueszqa szaı.
/hatasʼi ʒʷəikʼtai qʷaqʷaɬəsʷtʼʷan ɻʷimaʂaʃʷʼax t͡ʃas t͡ʃʼɻaŋ ɥaqʷʼəusqa d͡zai/



/p t k q qʷ/ <p t k q qŭ>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d g r rŭ>
/s x χ h/ <s ḱ x h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v d́ ǵ ŕ ŕŭ>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l ř ĭ ŭ>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <e ē ə ə̄ o ō>
/a a:/ <a ā>

Sə̂xŭəl ǵələ́htə kŭə̂nəs pikskə̂m hêdtə gə̂sxe.
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/

[Pole, the]

Thingy

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t k q qw>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d g ǧ ǧw>
/s x χ h/ <s x qgxħr* h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v đ ǥ ř řw>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r j w>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <eh₁ ēh₁ e ē eh₃ ēh₃>**
/a a:/ <eh₂ ēh₂>**

*Don't take this one seriously, I just find it appropriate to romanise an ugly sound in an ugly way. An alternative could be <ȟ>.
**Don't take these too seriously either, this is just to make it look more like PIE.

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
/sēqgxħrwel ǥelehte kwēnes pikskēm hēh₁dte gēsqgxħreh₁.

Should be then:


/p t k q qʷ/ «p t ḱ k kʷ»
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ «b d ǵ g ɡʷ»
/s x χ h/ «s h₂ h₃ h₁»
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ «bʰ dʰ ǵʰ gʰ gʷʰ»
/m n/ «m n»
/l r j w/ «l r y w»

/i u/ «i u»
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ «e ē e o o ō»
/a a:/ «a ā»

[KathTheDragon]

Almost, Pole. /x/ is h₃, /χ/ is h₂.

[Nortaneous]

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t ḱ k kʷ>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d ǵ g gʷ>
/s x χ h/ <s x́ x h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v ð γ́ γ γʷ>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r y w>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <e ē a ā o ō>
/a a:/ <ạ ạ̄>

Sāxwal γ́aláhta ḱwānas piḱsḱām hēdta gāsxe.
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/

or

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t k ḳ ḳʷ>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d g ġ ġʷ>
/s x χ h/ <s x x̣ h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v ð γ γ̇ γ̇ʷ>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r y w>

Sāx̣wal γaláhta kwānas pikskām hēdta gāsx̣e.
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/

[KathTheDragon]

Guys, I love your various vowel systems, but y u no mark phonemic stress?

[Pole, the]

Guys, I love your various vowel systems, but y u no mark phonemic stress?

Mainly because you haven't pointed it is phonemic and should be marked.

[KathTheDragon]

I thought it was somewhat obvious, given it was marked on the sample, but guess not...

[Dē Graut Bʉr]

Kath's Thingy again, this time with phonemic stress being marked:

/p t k q qʷ/ <p/qb t c/ke k/co qu>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b/gp d g/ge ǧ/go ǧw>
/s x χ h/ <s/th x/ch qgxħr/rħxgq/blgħ h/ə/əh>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v/bh/vh đ/dh/đh ǥ/gh/ǥh ř/ǧh/řh řw/ǧhw/řwh>
/m n/ <m/ŋw n>
/l r j w/ <l r j/i w/u>

/i u/ <i/ĵ u/ŵ>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <eh₁ ēh₁ e ē eh₃ ēh₃>
/a a:/ <eh₂ ēh₂>

Stress is mainly indicated by the way consonants are written:

• /p b/ are written /qb ǧp/ before stressed vowels.
• /k g/ are written <ke ǧe> before stressed front vowels and <c g> otherwise.
• /q ɢ/ are written <k ǧ> before stressed back vowels and <co go> otherwise.
• /s/ is written <th> word-initially and <s> otherwise, unless the stress falls on the first syllable, in which case the rule is reverted (i.e. <s> initially and <th> otherwise).
• /χ/ is written <qgxħr>, <ħgqqx> or <rħxgq> when not part of consonant cluster and in onset, medial and coda position, respectively. In consonant clusters it is written <blgħ>. In addition to this, the <ħ>'s are replaced by <h>'s when adjacent to a stressed vowel.
• /h/ is written <h> before stressed vowels and after unstressed ones, and <ə> after stressed vowels and before unstressed ones. When between a stressed and an unstressed vowel it is written <əh>
• Voiced fricatives are written <v đ ǥ ř řw> initially and <bh dh gh ǧh ǧhw> medially, though only when followed by an unstressed vowel. When followed by a stressed vowel, <bh dh gh ǧh ǧhw> are used initially and <vh đh ǥ řh řwh> medially. In word-final position they are always written <v đ ǥ ř řw>. Note that <ǥ gh ǥh ř ǧh řh> are replaced by <ř ǧh řh òǥ ògh òǥh> when followed by a front vowel, regardless of stress.
• /m/ is written <m> before stressed vowels, consonants and word boundaries and <ŋw> otherwise.
• /j/ is written <i> before stressed back vowels and <j> otherwise.
• /w/ is written <u> before stressed back vowels and <w> otherwise.
• Stressed /i u/ are always written <ĵ ŵ>.
• In case stress would not be predictable according to these rules, it is indicated by adding a silent <ǩ> to the beginning (final stress) or the end (initial stress) of the word.
• If stress still is unpredictable, it is indicated by moving the laryngeal letter to the other side of the vowel.
• Unpredictably stressed /ə əː/ is written <é ê>.

Note that /ə a/ are neither front nor back.

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
Sēblghwel gheleəte cwēneth picscēm hēh₁dte gēthblgħeh₁.

[KathTheDragon]

I am going to save this for the lolz. This is about as ridiculous as a romanisation gets.

[Nortaneous]

/p t k q qʷ/ <p/pp t/tt c/ckh ck ckou>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b/p d/t g/gkh ckg ckgou>
/s x χ h/ <s f ch cfh>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v/b dt/d hg/g gr/r grou/rou>
/m n/ <m n/nn>
/l r j w/ <l r/n y* ou>

slashes: second is used intervocalically when not after <h>, first is used everywhere else
<ks> is abbreviated to <x>, <cks> is abbreviated to <ckx>, <ksk> is abbreviated to <xh>
* y: <iy uy>, <ÿ ouy>, <eiy eiyh eÿ eÿh oy oyh>, <eyÿ eyÿ eaÿ eaÿh oauy oauyh>, <aiy aiyh>, <aÿ aÿh>

/i u/ <i u>/<y ou>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <ei eih e eh o oh>/<ey eyh eay eayh oau oauh>
/a a:/ <a ah>/<ay ayh>
slashes: second is used when stressed

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
Seayhchouel hgeleaycfhte coueayhnes pixheayhm cfheyhdte geayhschei.

[Nortaneous]

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t c k kv>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d j g gv>
/s x χ h/ <s x a f>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <w c q z zv>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r y o>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <e eh 0 h ö öh>
/a a:/ <ħ ħh>

Absence of schwa is <'>. Capitalization/smallcaps for stress.

/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
sʜa'ol' qʟf't k'oʜns' pik's'kʜm' fᴇhd't gʜs'ae

Or, absence of schwa is smallcaps:

shᴀoʟ qʟꜰt kᴏhnꜱ piᴋꜱkhᴍ fehᴅt ghꜱae

[Nortaneous]

/p t k q qʷ/ <P T C Ḵ Ḱ>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <B D Ȼ K ₭>
/s x χ h/ <S X X̲ H>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <V Ŧ Ć G W̲>
/m n/ <M N>
/l r j w/ <L R Y W>

/i u/ <I U>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <A Ⱥ E Á>
/a a:/ <O Í>

non-initial stress marked with !

/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
SÁX̲WEL ĆELE!HTE CWÁNES PICSCÁ!M HȺDTE ȻÁSX̲A

[Nannalu]

/p t k q qʷ/ <p t k q qu>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ <b d g qh qhu>
/s x χ h/ <s x xh h>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <v dh gh rh rhu>
/m n/ <m n>
/l r j w/ <l r j u>

/i u/ <i u>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <ë ëë e ee o oo>
/a a:/ <a aa>

/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
Seexhuel ghelehte kueenes pikskeem hëëdte geesxhë.

[----]

/p t k q qʷ/ - tu t tk k ku
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ - du d dt dk dku
/s x χ h/ - s sk hk h
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ - su ds dsk gk gu
/m n/ - m n
/l r j w/ - l ls lg g

/i u/ - é ó
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ - e ei a ai o oi
/a a:/ ò òi
Vowels doubled for non-initial stress, ambiguous consonant clusters in the orthography broken up with an <i>.

Sample
/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
saihkgal dskalaaihita kgainas tuéksikaaim heidita dtaishke.

[Nortaneous]

/p t k q qʷ/ <thu th chi ch chu>
/b d g ɢ ɢʷ/ - <tu t ci c cu>
/s x χ h/ - <di h gh ph>
/β ð ɣ ʁ ʁʷ/ <p d gi g gu>
/m n/ - <nu n>
/l r j w/ <l r hi b>

/i u/ <es eb>
/e e: ə ə: (o) (o:)/ <as ais o ou ob oub>
/a a:/ <a ai>

non-initial stress <m>

/sə́:χwəl ɣələ́htə kwə́:nəs pikskə́:m hé:dtə gə́:sχe/
Dioughbol giolomphtho chbounodi peschdichoumnu haisttho coudighas.

[Bristel]

PIE-esquelang

/m n ŋ ŋʷ ŋʲ/
/p t k kʷ kʲ/
/b d g gʷ gʲ/
/bʰ dʰ gʰ gʷʰ gʲʰ/
/s ɬ h₁ h₂ h₃/
/r l j w/
/m̥ n̥ r̥ l̥ ɬ̥/

/(a aː) e o eː oː (i iː u uː)/ *vowels in parenthesis are allophones of e and o in certain environments.

/*h₁, *h₂, *h₃/ are /ʔ x xʷ/ as consonants and /ə a o/ syllabically or as vowel-coloring consonants.

Velar nasals pattern like other velars, not as other nasals.
Lateral fricative patterns as a regular consonant or syllabic consonant.

/tegeh₁ŋ kɬ̥pet dh₃empen gesgeɬon ŋʷeln̥toh₃/

*probably forgot to put some more info on the "laryngeals" and vowels, but it took me forever
to type this on my iPad.

[Nortaneous]

/m n ŋ ŋʷ ŋʲ/ <m n ñ ñw ñy>
/p t k kʷ kʲ/ <p t c qu ch>
/b d g gʷ gʲ/ <b d g gu j>
/bʰ dʰ gʰ gʷʰ gʲʰ/ <bh dh gh ghu jh>
/s ɬ h₁ h₂ h₃/ <s l ë ä ö>
/r l j w/ <r ll y w>
/m̥ n̥ r̥ l̥ ɬ̥/ <üm ün ür üll ül>

/(a aː) e o eː oː (i iː u uː)/ <a á e o é ó i í u ú>

/tegeh₁ŋ kɬ̥pet dh₃empen gesgeɬon ŋʷeln̥toh₃/
Tegeëñ külpet döempen gesgelon ñuelüntoö.

[Hallow XIII]

Iaai

/p t ʈ c k/
/b bʷ d ɖ ɟ ɡ/
/m̥ m̥ʷ n̥ ɳ̊ ɲ̊ ŋ̊/
/m mʷ n ɳ ɲ ŋ/
/f θ ð s ʃ x/
/ɥ̊ ʍ l̥ h/
/ɥ w l ɽ/

/iː yː uː eː øː ɤː oː ɔː~œː æː aː/
/i y u e ø ɤ o ɔ~œ æ a/

mʷɤɖu waːhe ka θuːʈ ey ɲ̊i ɟeː m̊e. kene ɤɖu y ɲ̊i ɟeː m̊e, ke ame l̥ɔ meic eðɤː ɲ̊i ban bucen me l̥ɔ θiðɤ koŋ. haba li xop me ɤɖumwe wɔ koŋ aː l̥ɔ ðɤ mʷɤɖu he θiðɤ hoːt ai. me e ɤlɤ ðɤ koŋ eɥ ʍahajɤ me he toːʈɤ ɟimeɥ ɲ̊i ɲ̊ej me ebæ ðɤ dok ame wɔ ae ycy amaː laba ɲ̊in. me he but ka oː fækaʈ me ebæ n̊en, me he but me oː but hɔɲɔːɥ, me haba ke at ɲ̊in li xop me ɤlɤ θiðɤ ka ɲ̊i ban ɥɤː.

[Dē Graut Bʉr]

Iaai

/p t ʈ c k/ <p t tr/rt c k>
/b bʷ d ɖ ɟ ɡ/ <b bw d dr/rd j g>
/m̥ m̥ʷ n̥ ɳ̊ ɲ̊ ŋ̊/ <hm hmw hn hnr/hrn hny hng>
/m mʷ n ɳ ɲ ŋ/ <m mw n nr/rn ny ng>
/f θ ð s ʃ x/ <f th dh s sh ch>
/ɥ̊ ʍ l̥ h/ <hy hw hl h>
/ɥ w l ɽ/ <y w l r>

The retroflex consonants are written <rt rd etc.> word-finally and <tr dr etc.> otherwise.

/iː yː uː eː øː ɤː oː ɔː~œː æː aː/ <ii üü uu ee öö ëë oo åå ää aa>
/i y u e ø ɤ o ɔ~œ æ a/ <i y u e ö ë o å ä a>

mʷɤɖu waːhe ka θuːʈ ey ɲ̊i ɟeː m̊e. kene ɤɖu y ɲ̊i ɟeː m̊e, ke ame l̥ɔ meic eðɤː ɲ̊i ban bucen me l̥ɔ θiðɤ koŋ. haba li xop me ɤɖumwe wɔ koŋ aː l̥ɔ ðɤ mʷɤɖu he θiðɤ hoːt ai. me e ɤlɤ ðɤ koŋ eɥ ʍahajɤ me he toːʈɤ ɟimeɥ ɲ̊i ɲ̊ej me ebæ ðɤ dok ame wɔ ae ycy amaː laba ɲ̊in. me he but ka oː fækaʈ me ebæ n̊en, me he but me oː but hɔɲɔːɥ, me haba ke at ɲ̊in li xop me ɤlɤ θiðɤ ka ɲ̊i ban ɥɤː.

Mwëdru waahe ka thuurt eü hnyi jee hme. Kene ëdru ü hnyi jee hme, ke ame hlå meic edhëë hnyi ban bucen me hlå thidhë kong. Haba li chop me ëdrumwe wå kong aa hlå dhë mwëdru he thidhë hoot ai. Me e ëlë dhë kong ey hwahajë me he tootrë jimey hnyi hnyei me ebä dhë dok ame wo ae ycy amaa laba hnyin. Me he but ka oo fäkart me ebä hnen, me he but me oo but hånyååy, me haba ke at hnyin li chop me ëlë thidhë ka hnyi ban yëë.

Why is there a /j/ in /ɲ̥ej/?

[Hallow XIII]

Because all the texts were IPA-ified from a strange romanization. I haven't the faintest idea why they include H but not j -- maybe all instances of Vi are diphthongs, and ʍahajɤ is something like ʍa.hai.ɤ, which is why they did not analyze it into the phoneme table. Just romanize it as /i/.