zompist bboard

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

beep boop

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

Voicing rules in Hathe:

Inventory: /t c k ʔ s h m n v ð̞ ɾ j/
/a e ə o i ɨ u/
/ɛˤː ɒˤː ɪˤː ʊˤː/

/t c k s/ are always regarded as voiceless. Not sure what /ʔ h/ do yet.

The vowel in the first syllable of a word is always voiced.

Any short vowel between two voiceless consonants is devoiced, unless it is one of /a e o/ and directly to the right of a devoiced vowel.
Any voiceless consonant is voiced between two voiced vowels.
Final short vowels are devoiced after phonetically voiceless consonants. (The only short vowels that can occur word-finally are /ə o i u/.)
/a ə/ are neutralized to schwa when devoiced.

So:

/takarə/ [tagarə]
/ratakə/ [ratə̥kə̥]
/ratɒˤːkə/ [radɒˤːgə]
/rataketə/ [ratə̥kedə]
/ratikɨtə/ [rati̥kɨ̥tə̥]
/ratikɨvə/ [rati̥kɨvə]
/tarivɨkə/ [tarivɨgə]

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

this is getting close to prunetime but I've been doing everything on Anthologica so TC reposts

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

http://anthologi.ca/?Duhai

07:36 < Nortaneous> i should have object marking i guess
07:36 < Nortaneous> oh i know
07:37 < Nortaneous> DOM with prepositions where one gets replaced by the tense marker
07:37 < Nortaneous> so you only have the differential marking in the default tense

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

Da2 ha2 go4i6 ke3fat4.
1SG ABS barbarian punch.S.TEL
I punched the barbarian.

Da2 se6 go4i6 ke3fat4 ni3 dy6 si2tv4.
1SG PST.OBJ barbarian punch SR 3SG fall.S.TEL
After I punched the barbarian, he fell down.

Da2 go4i6 ge3 ke3fat4 ha2 dy6 si6tv4.
1SG barbarian GEN punch OBJ 3SG CAUS~fall.S.TEL
I punched the barbarian to the ground.

Da2 go4i6 ge3 ke3fat4 se6 dy6 si6tv4 ni3 da2 syt2tv2.
1SG barbarian GEN punch PST.OBJ 3SG fall.S.TEL SR 1SG walk_to_shore.D.TEL
I punched the barbarian to the ground and then started walking toward the shore.

(Duhai has accusative-aligned switch reference, but ergative-like case-like-thing marking: Da2 se6 syt2tv2. (Before X,) I started walking toward the shore. Ha2 doesn't show up in intransitive clauses, however.)

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

bumping with the Deghuri case system

Class 1
ABS -0 | shan -e / n- -e
ERG -Vm | sham -e / m- -e
INS -i(v) | (sha)nav -e / v- -e
LAT -zha | shanj -e / nj- -e

Class 2 (loans)
ABS -0 | kri -0
ERG -Vm | krim -Vm
INS -ni(v) | kriniv
LAT -y/-zh | krizh -y/-zh

(shan sham shanav are often reduced to have ä in their first syllable, when they're not reduced completely)

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

first irregular root: gur 'none'

ABS gur
ERG gurom
INS guroy / guriv
LAT guray
PL gurve

note that gur forces its head into the instrumental case:

shan em jam dhavzha serevi tenärär
[ʃaːɾ̃ ɪ̃ dʒãː ɗaːvˈʒaː sɪrɪˈʋiː tɪˈnəɾəɾ]

we walked toward the pile of skulls

but

gurom niv e jam dhavzha serevi tenärär
[ˈguːɾʊ̃ niːʋ ɪ dʒãː ɗaːvˈʒaː sɪrɪˈʋiː tɪˈnəɾəɾ]

we did not walk toward the pile of skulls

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

_________________
Hello there. Chirp chirp chirp.

_________________
Hello there. Chirp chirp chirp.

Pembrish is a Middle English descendant (actually a very early branch from OWS -- it preserves /ie io/ as distinct from /i~y eo/) spoken in bits of Wales in an althist where the Norman Conquest results in most of England speaking a French-like language that I haven't started yet.

The macrons in Deghuri are for long vowels, but there's a quality distinction too: /a: i: u: a i u/ [aː iː uː ə ɪ~e ʊ~o], with the mid vowel variants winning out due to influence from neighboring languages that don't have high lax vowels. /a/ is from *a and *o in various environments, and /i u i: u:/ are from *i *u *e *o, so the high and mid vowels have basically reversed in relation to more vocalically conservative languages like Amqoli. (Amqoli is the most vocalically conservative language in the family: there were no quality shifts at all other than those arising from loss of pharyngeals and strengthening of pre-existing vowel harmony. But Amqoli and Rengni both have massive syncope so Deghuri is the most conservative overall. Rengni is tonal and influenced by Vengic.)

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

æ ɑ ɛ ʌ ɔ e o ɪ ʊ i u ai ʌi au oi ə̆ ĭ ɚ̆
æl ɛl ʌl ɔl el ol ɪl ʊl il ul ail aul oil
ɑr ər er or ir air aur oir

----

el il ail oil air oir > ejəl ijəl aijəl oijəl aijər oijər
ɔ o ʊ u ɔl ol ʊl ul > ɑ ɛu ʏ y ɔ o ʊ u
ə̆ ə̆# əl əl#> ɪ̆ ɐ̆ ŏ~ŭ ŭ
æ oi > eə oə
ai au > a æ, a > ɑ
ʌ > ə
e > ɛi
Vl > Vu
ʌu ɪu > ɛʉ y
eə oə > e o
ɑr > ʌr / _C[-voice]

æ ɑ ɛ ə ɔ e o ɪ ʏ ʊ i y u ɪ̆ ŏ ɚ̆
æu ʌi ɛi ɛʉ
ɑr ʌr ər er or ir

----

ɛi ɛʉ > æi œʉ


ɪ ʏ ʊ i > e ø o ɨi
y ø > i e
ɑr or ʌr ɚ > ɔ o ɨ ɨ

i ɨ u
e o
ɛ ə ɔ
æ ɑ
æi æu ɨi œʉ ʌi

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

_________________
Hello there. Chirp chirp chirp.

That's Deghuri. I haven't posted Rengni yet. It was supposed to look like Hebrew, but that obviously didn't happen.

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

_________________
Hello there. Chirp chirp chirp.

Yes to both. I'm not sure why /mdz/ is preserved there -- that should probably be /ndz/. <mg> is [ŋg].

----

p t tʃ k b d dʒ g / #_ C_V > p ts tʃ kx b d dʒ g
θ ð / #_ > t d
pj / #_ > pʃ

p t tʃ k b d dʒ g / V_(C #_ > p ʔ ʔʃ ʔ :β : :ʃ :ɣ

b d dʒ g / V_V > β ɾ ʒ ɣ

pl kl bl gl fl θl sl > pʕ q bʕ ɢ fʕ fʕ sʕ
spl skl > ʃpʕ ʃq
pr tr kr br dr gr fr θr ʃr > pf tʃ kʃ v dʒ gʒ f tɾ ʃ, pf > f
sp st sk > ʃp ʃt ʃk
spr str skr > ʃpf ʃ ʃ, ʃpf > ʃp
sm sn > sm sn
pw tw kw dw gw > p tw kw dw gw

Initial clusters:
pʕ bʕ fʕ sʕ ʃpʕ
ʃp ʃt ʃk ʃq
kʃ gʒ
sm sn
tw kw dw gw
tɾ

+ tm km etc. from schwa loss

/pʰ b ts d tʃʰ dʒ kx g qʰ q/ (intervocalic lenition except in stressed syllable onset: pʰ b d kx g > h β ð x ɣ)
/f v s z ʃ ʒ ʕ h/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/ɾ (r) j w/

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

/p tʰ t cʰ c x q/ <b t d c j kh q>
/f θ ʃ h/ <f th s h>
/ɮ ɣ/ <l gh>
/m n r j/ <m n r y>
/ɑ ɛ ɔ e i ɨ u/ + length <ä e a ai i ü u>

* The phonemes written /x q/ vary between [kx qχ] and [x χ]:
/xɛːɮm/ [kxɛːɮbm]
/ɔtxɔn/ [ɔtxɔdn]
/muːʃx/ [muːʃx]
/ɮɔx/ [ɮɔx]

/qeɮm/ [qχeɮbm]
/mɔʃqɔn/ [mɔʃχɔdn]
/θuːfq/ [θuːfχ]
/rɔq/ [rɔʔ]~[rɔχ]

----

/ɑ e/ are uncommon.
/e/ occurs after /q/, around /ʃ j/, and in loanwords, but sometimes arises from /ɔj/:
/qeɮm/ vs. /ciɮmʃ/
/teːʃ/ vs. /tʰɛθ/
/jenfxuːt/ vs. /ɔnfxuː/
/xeː/ vs. /xɔjɔ/
/metɑ/ (a Duhai loan)

/ɑ/ mostly occurs in words with /i/ and loans.

----

Velars and uvulars can't appear before /i/.
Strict configurationality, SOV, but no(?) distinction between derivation and inflection: tense markers can apply to nouns, etc.

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

Otkh script draft

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

Cool! Reminds me of Burmese.

_________________
...brought to you by the Weeping Elf
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A

Maš khaablčag! Qëfkhn daasagn! Qëfkhf jüüg t gäängiñf fakhf thiakh. Qëfkhmñč khëčb tuumčeb.
Maš khaablčag! Qifkhn daasagn! Qifkhf jüüg t gaangeñf fakhf thiakh. Qifkhmeč khečb tuumčeb.
Masi khaablchag! Qifkhn daasagn! Qifkhf jyyg t gaangenf fakhf thiakh. Qifkhmech khechb tuumcheb.
Masʸ xɔɔbłčɔɣ! Qefxn dɔɔsɔɣn! Qefxf jɨɨɣ t ɣaanɣiɲf fɔxf θʸɔx. Qefxmɲč xečb tuumčib.
[masʲ kxɔːpɬcʰɔɣ. qχefxn̩ tɔːsɔɣn̩. qχefxf cɨːɣ tʰ ɣaːnɣiɲf fɔxf θʲɔx. qχefxmɲ̩cʰ xecʰp tʰuːmcʰip.]
mas=t xɔɔb-ł-č-əɣ! qe-fx=n dɔɔs-əɣ=n! qe-fx-f jɨɨg t ɣɔɔn~ɣən=f fɔx-f θi-əx. qe-fx-m-ič xɨ-ič tuu-m-ič-b


1 -n
2 -(ə)g
3S -f
3P -t

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

Topicality in Meung: (writing the unrounded back vowels as ɯ ə because i-bar + diacritic doesn't display well for me)

Topics are introduced with ùə, a contraction of ɯ̀wə. Topic switch with ìəfə. (Should these have falling tone? Need to figure out how tonogenesis works for polysyllables, if tone is word-level. Or could have low falling vs. high falling, with low falling > low or high falling > mid which I don't think can happen in monosyllables right now.)

No, strike that, it's only elided unstressed vowels that affect tone. Start over.

Topic introduction with ûə, which blocks conjugation. Topic switch with ìəfə. Current definite topics don't need any marker. Not sure what the conditions are for ûə vs. ìəfə -- I think ûə is default and ìəfə is used for things that were previously mentioned, but ûə is used to contradict a previous statement.

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

Nort, what is Meung based off of?

_________________
Hello there. Chirp chirp chirp.

American English.

_________________
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.