My take:
Viktor77 wrote:Tijdens het schrijven van mijn 'opstel' over leenwoorden in het Frans en Nederlands (ik heb mijn onderwerp een beetje verandeerd), heb ik veel over de geschiedenis van het Nederlands geleerd, bv.* in Nederland bestonden er campagnes** tegen de invloed van Frans in het Nederlands tijdens de Renaissance, en*** nu bestaat er bijna geen campagnes (uitgezonderd^ een paar organizaties) tegen de invloed van Engels in het Nederlands, terwijl er in Frankrijk velen^^ campagnes bestaan tegen het Engels^^^ in het Frans.
*I personally prefer "bijv.", as "bv" looks like a type of company, but "bv." is not incorrect.
**I'd limit the use of "campagne" to the military and politics/government. I'd rephrase, e.g. "bestond er veel verzet tegen (...)". Note also that in the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, there was also much resistance against barbarisms, in those days especially German ones (i.e. germanisms).
***I'd use "maar", as you oppose [that's not the right term in English, is it? juxtapose perhaps?] two things.
^semantics: "uitgezonderd" needs an exception to the previous, so after it you need to name a campaign, you can't name an organisation that organizes such a campaign.
^^"velen" means "many people", it cannot be used attributively.
^^^"het" + language name implies the language as a whole, without article it indicates more of... how to say... individual parts? Difficult to explain the semantics.
din wrote:* Onder is indeed used for 'while', but here I'd prefer 'bij'. Onder implies that something was done at the same time as the act of writing, and not something that happened as a consequence.
I don't know that use of "onder", can you give an example? I could use it in limited cases, e.g. "onder Napoleon" (as short for "tijdens het bewind van Napoleon"), but the explanation you give "something done at the same time", as I said, I don't know that use (I know "onderwijl", though pretty stilted, but "onder"?).
din wrote:in het Frans en het Nederlands
For me the second "het" is not necessary, I read "in het Frans en Nederlands" as a contraction.
din wrote:de invloed van het Frans in het Nederlands
I have different semantics for "Frans" and "het Frans", as I tried to explain above. "Frans" is like a specific instance of "het Frans", which is the entire language.
din wrote:uitgezonderd afgezien van een paar organizaties
Also with "afgezien van" the semantic problem I described above persists.
din wrote:terwijl er in Frankrijk veel campagnes bestaan tegen het Engels
This is one of the cases I find "vele" acceptable. "veel" is fine too, of course, but has slightly different semantics for me.
Wenn ich mehr Zeit habe, werde ich etwas mehr schreiben
When I have more time, I'll write something more.
JAL