Romanization challenge thread

[opipik]

/p b t d ʈ ɖ k g ʔ/ <p b t d th dh k g '>
/s/ <s>
/l ɭ r j w/ <l lh r y w>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/a ə i u/ <a e i u>

kiɭəŋawta da ŋaj i papəliɭa i pilaj. panaʔan i, kuʈakawaw tupajsu kan nanali. an kəmaɖu i, kuaɖijaw ʈəməkəl na əraw. paʔərəsku dar pakamulaj parəapəapəʈ kan nukiaəɖəŋan.

Kilhengawta da ngay i papelilha i pilay. Pana'an i, kuthakawaw tupaysu kan nanali. An kemadhu i, kuadhiyaw themekel na eraw. Pa'eresku dar pakamulay pareapeapeth kan nukiaedhengan.

or:

/ʈ ɖ ɭ/ <tr dr lr>

Kilrengawta da ngay i papelilra i pilay. Pana'an i, kutrakawaw tupaysu kan nanali. An kemadru i, kuadriyaw tremekel na eraw. Pa'eresku dar pakamulay pareapeapetr kan nukiaedrengan.

[mèþru]

Pujuma

<p b t d ṭ ḍ k g ʔ>
<s>
<l ḷ r j v>
<m n ŋ>
<a e i u>

Kiḷeŋauta da ŋai i papeliḷa i pilai. Panaʔan i, kuṭakavau tupaisu kan nanali. An kemaḍu i, kuaḍijau ṭemekel na erau. Paʔeresku dar pakamulai pareapeapeṭ kan nukiaeḍeŋan.

agefaqeg-style:
puruma

<p b t d ṭ ḍ k g>
<s>
<l ḷ r̀ r v>
<m n ŋ>
<a ê i u>

kiḷêŋauta da ŋai i papêliḷa i pilai, panaan i, kuṭakawau tupaisu kan nanali, an kêmaḍu i, kuaḍirau ṭêmêkêl na êrau, paêrêsku dar̀ pakamulai par̀êapêapêṭ kan nukiaêḍêŋan,

[smii]

Puyuma

/p b t d ʈ ɖ k g ʔ/ <p b t d rt rd k g x>
/s/ <s>
/l ɭ r j w/ <l rl r j w>
/m n ŋ/ < m n ng>
/a ə i u/ < a e I u>

/kiɭəŋawta da ŋaj i papəliɭa i pilaj|| panaʔan I| kuʈakawaw tupajsu kan nanali|| an kəmaɖu I| kuaɖijaw ʈəməkəl na əraw|| paʔərəsku dar pakamulaj parəapəapəʈ kan nukiaəɖəŋan||/
<kirlengawta da ngaj i papelirla i pilaj. Panaxan i, kurtakawaw tupajsu kan nanali. An kemardu i, kuardijaw rtemekel na eraw. Paxeresku dar pakamulaj pareapeapert kan nukiaerdengan.>

Ejhāci

/m n ŋ/ <m n ŋ>
/p pʰ b bʰ t tʰ d dʰ k kʰ g gʰ/ <p ph b bh t th d dh k kh g gh>
/ʦ ʦʰ ʣ ʣʰ ʧ ʧʰ ʤ ʤʰ/ <c ch j jh ć ćh ȷ́ ȷ́h>
/s z ʃ ʒ h/ < s z ś ź h>
/j w r l/ <y w r l>

/i u e o ə/ <i u e o a>
/iː uː eː oː əː/ <ī ū ē ō ā>

/ə.məkʰ.'ʧʰloːs kər.'pʰiʃ dʰuʒ.'ʦʰəː.ʣri.wəs 'ʧəŋ.kəː 'ʧənʤ.neːs 'ʤlen.tʰəːr o.'hər.ʤʰən 'oːb.zəː 'gʰuː.nəː ə.'mə.ʣʰiː prəg 'pəː.ʦjə 'bʰjuː.tlun 'bʰləː.dəː/
<Amakhćhlōs karphiś dhuźchājriwas ćaŋkā ćanȷ́nēs ȷ́lenthār oharȷ́han ōbzā ghūnā amajhī prag pācya bhyūtlun bhlādā.>

[Nortaneous]

/p b t tʰ d tʂ c k/ <p b t th d tr ts c>
/f v s z ʂ r x ɣ h/ <ff f s dd rh r ch g h>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n(h) n ng>
/l j w/ <l i w>
/a ă ɛ ɔ ə ə̆ e o i ɨ u/ <â a e o ŷ y ê ô i u w>
Və <Vy>
/ai au ăi ău/ <ae ao ai aw>
/əi əu ə̆i ə̆u/ <oe ou ey yw>

luai21 xuai33 tə̆i33 huəŋ33 za45ˀ mɔk32ˀ tʂen33 xăp35 cə̆u33 mi45ˀ, tɨ21 huə33 ki21 cɔ33 təi35 miən21 nam33 ci33 lɛ33. ŋɨəi21 ta33 tɨŋ21 co33 răŋ21 xuai33 tə̆i33 da45ˀ dɨək32ˀ tʰuən21 huə35 dok32ˀ lə̆p32ˀ tai32ˀ ɲiəu21 diə32ˀ diəm31, ɲɨŋ33 ʂău33 do35 tʰɨ31 ŋiəm32ˀ zi33 tʂuiən21 hɔk32ˀ tʂen33 ɲiəu21 zoŋ35 kə̆i33 tʂoŋ21 va21 kak35 luai32ˀ xuai33 tə̆i33 huaŋ33 za45ˀ da45ˀ cɨŋ35 etc

Lwàe chwàe tey hwâng ddẫ mọc trên cháp tsyw Mĩ, tù Hwâ Cì tso tóe miỳn nầm Tsile. Nguòe ta tùng tsô ràng chwae tey dã duỵc thwỳn hwý dộc lỵp tạe niỳw dịy dỉym, niung rhaw dố thủ ngịym ddi trwìyn học trên niòu ddống cae trồng fầ cấc lwạe chwae tey hwâng ddẫ dẫ tsúng etc

[Pole, the]

/p b t tʰ d tʂ c k/ <p b t th d tr ts c>
/f v s z ʂ r x ɣ h/ <ff f s dd rh r ch g h>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n(h) n ng>
/l j w/ <l i w>
/a ă ɛ ɔ ə ə̆ e o i ɨ u/ <â a e o ŷ y ê ô i u w>
Və <Vy>
/ai au ăi ău/ <ae ao ai aw>
/əi əu ə̆i ə̆u/ <oe ou ey yw>

Is that Vietnamese? Why does it pretend to be Welsh?

[opipik]

Tsou

/p ɓ t k ʔ/
/ɗ~ˀl/
/m n ŋ/
/f v s z h/
/ʦ/
/j/

/i ɨ u e o ɑ/

/ɗ/ is pronounced [ˀl] by some speakers.

/ne noɑnɑʔo pɑn to moso ɗɑ, ʦihi ʦi oko ho, ʦonʦi ɑvʔu. moso ɗɑ noteujunu ho, moso mɑezo ɑutʔɨʦɨ to mo ʦonʦi foʔkuŋe. ohe ɗɑ, poekotvɑ to, pɑniɑ ʔe, foʔkuŋe ho ihe ɑutʔɨʦɑ. moso ʦonʦi feɨŋʔnɑ moso ʦu oeŋɨtɨ ʔe oko, ho iʔe ɑvʔu. mɑ moso ɑɑsoe jujɑfo tɑ pɑniɑ ʔo. foʔkuŋe ho, mimio. miʦu ɓoʦhio ʔe ɑvʔu ho ʔe, oko. ihe ʦu, mo nɑʔno jɑmʦi ho ihe, oʔtenɑ teoɗɨi ʔo foʔkuŋe. miʦu, jɨʦʔɨ ho. teɨʔtɨmi. ihe eɑezɑ ɑʦʔɨhɑ to mɑkukuʦu ho, tuopʔopɑ ho iʔimɑ. ine mio ʔe ɑvʔu, mo ɑɨɗɨ mʔoojo to, pɑniɑ ho, teɨʔtɨmi ʔo, foʔkuŋe. ʔɑnɑ isi hʔunɑno eɗɨɑ. ɑtʔiŋi ne mo mʔoojo to, pɑniɑ ʔo ɑvʔu./

[smii]

Cou

/p ɓ t k ʔ/ <p b t k x>
/ɗ~ˀl/ <d>
/m n ŋ/ < m n ng>
/f v s z h/ <f v s z h>
/ʦ/ <c>
/j/ <j>

/i ɨ u e o ɑ/ <i y u e o a>

/ɗ/ is pronounced [ˀl] by some speakers.

/ne noɑnɑʔo pɑn to moso ɗɑ, ʦihi ʦi oko ho, ʦonʦi ɑvʔu. moso ɗɑ noteujunu ho, moso mɑezo ɑutʔɨʦɨ to mo ʦonʦi foʔkuŋe. ohe ɗɑ, poekotvɑ to, pɑniɑ ʔe, foʔkuŋe ho ihe ɑutʔɨʦɑ. moso ʦonʦi feɨŋʔnɑ moso ʦu oeŋɨtɨ ʔe oko, ho iʔe ɑvʔu. mɑ moso ɑɑsoe jujɑfo tɑ pɑniɑ ʔo. /

<Ne noanaxo pan to moso da, cihi ci oko ho, sontci avxu. Moso da noteujunu ho, moso maezo autxycy to mo conci foxkunge. Ohe da, poekotva to, pania xe, foxkunge ho ihe auxyca. Moso contci feyngxna moso cu oengyty xe oko, he ixe avxu. Ma moso aasoe jujafo ta pania xo.>

[mèþru]

Tsou

<p b t k ɂ>
<d>
<m n ŋ>
<f v s z h>
<ts>
<j>

<i ɨ u e o a>

Ne noanaɂo pan to moso da, tsihi tsi oko ho, tsontsi avɂu. Moso da noteujunu ho, moso maezo autɂɨtsɨ to mo tsontsi foɂkuŋe. Ohe da, poekotva to, pania ɂe, foɂkuŋe ho ihe autɂɨtsa. Moso tsontsi feɨŋɂna moso tsu oeŋɨtɨ ɂe oko, ho iɂe avɂu. Ma moso aasoe jujafo ta pania ɂo. foɂkuŋe ho, mimio. Mitsu botshio ɂe avɂu ho ɂe, oko. Ihe tsu, mo naɂno jamtsi ho ihe, oɂtena teodɨi ɂo foɂkuŋe. mitsu, jɨtsɂɨ ho. teɨɂtɨmi. Ihe eaeza atsɂɨha to makukutsu ho, tuopɂopa ho iɂima. Ine mio ɂe avɂu, mo aɨdɨ mɂoojo to, pania ho, teɨɂtɨmi ɂo, foɂkuŋe. Ɂana isi hɂunano edɨa. Atɂiŋi ne mo mɂoojo to, pania ɂo avɂu.

agefaqeg-style:

tsou

<p b t k>
<d>
<m n ŋ>
<f v s z h>
<ts>
<r>

<i ɨ u e o ao>

ne noaonaoo paon to moso dao, tsihi tsi oko ho, tsontsi aovu, moso dao noteurunu ho, moso maoezo aoutɨtsɨ to mo tsontsi fokuŋe, ohe dao, poekotvao to, paoniao e, fokuŋe ho ihe aoutɨtsao, moso tsontsi feɨŋnao moso tsu oeŋɨtɨ e oko, ho ie aovu, mao moso aoaosoe ruraofo tao paoniao o, fokuŋe ho, mimio, mitsu botshio e aovu ho e, oko, ihe tsu, mo naono raomtsi ho ihe, otenao teodɨi o fokuŋe, mitsu, rɨtsɨ ho, teɨtɨmi, ihe eaoezao aotsɨhao to maokukutsu ho, tuopopao ho iimao, ine mio e aovu, mo aoɨdɨ mooro to, paoniao ho, teɨtɨmi o, fokuŋe, aonao isi hunaono edɨao, aotiŋi ne mo mooro to, paoniao o aovu,

[opipik]

/p ɓ t k ʔ/ <p b t k h>
/ɗ~ˀl/ <l>
/m n ŋ/ <m n g>
/f v s z h/ <f v s z x>
/ʦ/ <j>
/j/ <y>

/i ɨ u e o ɑ/ <î i u e o a>

/ɗ/ is pronounced [ˀl] by some speakers.

/ne noɑnɑʔo pɑn to moso ɗɑ, ʦihi ʦi oko ho, ʦonʦi ɑvʔu. moso ɗɑ noteujunu ho, moso mɑezo ɑutʔɨʦɨ to mo ʦonʦi foʔkuŋe. ohe ɗɑ, poekotvɑ to, pɑniɑ ʔe, foʔkuŋe ho ihe ɑutʔɨʦɑ. moso ʦonʦi feɨŋʔnɑ moso ʦu oeŋɨtɨ ʔe oko, ho iʔe ɑvʔu. mɑ moso ɑɑsoe jujɑfo tɑ pɑniɑ ʔo. foʔkuŋe ho, mimio. miʦu ɓoʦhio ʔe ɑvʔu ho ʔe, oko. ihe ʦu, mo nɑʔno jɑmʦi ho ihe, oʔtenɑ teoɗɨi ʔo foʔkuŋe. miʦu, jɨʦʔɨ ho. teɨʔtɨmi. ihe eɑezɑ ɑʦʔɨhɑ to mɑkukuʦu ho, tuopʔopɑ ho iʔimɑ. ine mio ʔe ɑvʔu, mo ɑɨɗɨ mʔoojo to, pɑniɑ ho, teɨʔtɨmi ʔo, foʔkuŋe. ʔɑnɑ isi hʔunɑno eɗɨɑ. ɑtʔiŋi ne mo mʔoojo to, pɑniɑ ʔo ɑvʔu./

Ne noanaho pan to moso la, jîxî jî oko xo, jonjî avhu. Moso la noteuyunu xo, moso maezo authiji to mo jonjî fohkuge. Oxe la, poekotva to, panîa he, fohkuge xo îxe authija. Moso jonjî feighna moso ju oegiti he oko, xo îhe avhu. M moso aasoe yuyafo ta panîa ho. Fohkuge xo, mîmîo. mîju bojxîo he avhu xo he, oko. Îxe ju, mo nahno yamjî xo îxe, ohtena teoliî ho fohkuge. Mîju, yijhi xo. teihtimî. Îxe eaeza ajhixa to makukuju xo, tuophopa xo îhîma. Îne mîo he avhu, mo aili mhooyo to, panîa xo, teihtimî ho, fohkuge. Hana îsî xhunano elia. Athîgî ne mo mhooyo to, panîa ho avhu.

[Frislander]

Tsow à la Welsh

/p ɓ t k ʔ/ <p b t c '>
/ɗ~ˀl/ <d>
/m n ŋ/ <m n ng>
/f v s z h/ <ff f s z h>
/ʦ/ <ts>
/j/ <i>

/i ɨ u e o ɑ/ <i u w e o a>

<d> is pronounced [ˀl] by some speakers.

/ne noɑnɑʔo pɑn to moso ɗɑ, ʦihi ʦi oko ho, ʦonʦi ɑvʔu. moso ɗɑ noteujunu ho, moso mɑezo ɑutʔɨʦɨ to mo ʦonʦi foʔkuŋe. ohe ɗɑ, poekotvɑ to, pɑniɑ ʔe, foʔkuŋe ho ihe ɑutʔɨʦɑ. moso ʦonʦi feɨŋʔnɑ moso ʦu oeŋɨtɨ ʔe oko, ho iʔe ɑvʔu. mɑ moso ɑɑsoe jujɑfo tɑ pɑniɑ ʔo. foʔkuŋe ho, mimio. miʦu ɓoʦhio ʔe ɑvʔu ho ʔe, oko. ihe ʦu, mo nɑʔno jɑmʦi ho ihe, oʔtenɑ teoɗɨi ʔo foʔkuŋe. miʦu, jɨʦʔɨ ho. teɨʔtɨmi. ihe eɑezɑ ɑʦʔɨhɑ to mɑkukuʦu ho, tuopʔopɑ ho iʔimɑ. ine mio ʔe ɑvʔu, mo ɑɨɗɨ mʔoojo to, pɑniɑ ho, teɨʔtɨmi ʔo, foʔkuŋe. ʔɑnɑ isi hʔunɑno eɗɨɑ. ɑtʔiŋi ne mo mʔoojo to, pɑniɑ ʔo ɑvʔu./

<ne noana'o pan to moso da, tsihi tsi oco ho, tsontsi af'w. moso da notewiwnw ho, moso maezo awt'utsu to mo tsontsi ffo'cunge. ohe da, poecotfa to, pania 'e, ffo'cwnge ho ihe awt'utsa. mo tsontsi ffeung'na moso tsw oengutu 'e oco, ho i'e af'w. ma moso aasoa iwiaffo ta pania 'o. ffo'cwnge ho, mimio. mitsw botshio 'e af'w ho 'e, oco. ihe tsw, mo na'no iamtsi ho ihe, o'tena teodui 'o ffo'cwnge. mitsw, iuts'u ho. teu'tumi. ihe eaeza ats'uha to macwcwtsu ho, twop'opa ho i'ima. ine mio 'e af'w, mo audu m'ooio to, pania ho, tu'tumi 'o, ffo'cwnge. 'ana isi h'unano edua. at'ingi ne mo m'ooio to, pania 'o af'w

----------

Revamped Frislandian phonology

/p t k/
/s ɬ x/
/v z l j/
/m n ŋ/
/ɾ/

/i e ɨ a u o/ in long and short

[mèþru]

Frislandian:
<p t k>
<s ł x>
<v z l j>
<m n ŋ>
<r>

<i e ɨ a u o>

agefaqeg-syle:
<p t k>
<s ḷ kh>
<v z l r>
<m n ŋ>
<r̀>

<i e ɨ a u o>

[Chengjiang]

Revamped Frislandian phonology

/p t k/
/s ɬ x/
/v z l j/
/m n ŋ/
/ɾ/

/i e ɨ a u o/ in long and short

Could we have a sample text or at least some phonological information beyond the inventory, please?

[Frislander]

Revamped Frislandian phonology

/p t k/
/s ɬ x/
/v z l j/
/m n ŋ/
/ɾ/

/i e ɨ a u o/ in long and short

Could we have a sample text or at least some phonological information beyond the inventory, please?

I can't yet, because this is not necessarily the final inventory and I can only start the grammar up once that amd the romanisation has been settled.

[Chengjiang]

Revamped Frislandian phonology

/p t k/
/s ɬ x/
/v z l j/
/m n ŋ/
/ɾ/

/i e ɨ a u o/ in long and short

Could we have a sample text or at least some phonological information beyond the inventory, please?

I can't yet, because this is not necessarily the final inventory and I can only start the grammar up once that amd the romanisation has been settled.

What about a syllable structure?

[Knit Tie]

Hello, ladies and gentlemen, my name is German (yes, seriously. It's pronounced [ɡʲɛ̝ɾmɐn̪], though) and I'd like to ask for help in romanising my diachronic mutilation of English.

The phonology can be found here and I'm deliberately going for something opaque and possibly defective.

[mèþru]

Welcome to the ZBB! Have some pickles and tea! (It's a board tradition for welcoming new members).

German (yes, seriously. It's pronounced [ɡʲɛ̝ɾmɐn̪]

Not an uncommon name, actually.

I'm deliberately going for something opaque and possibly defective.

Just keep the current orthography.
I can post a more language specific defective orthography later. Check Zzmpist's rules for predicting English pronunciation from spelling.

[Chengjiang]

Since Frislander hasn't responded concerning syllable structure, here's one possibility for Frislandian:

/p t k/ p t k
/s ɬ x/ s f h
/v z l j/ v z l j
/m n ŋ/ m n g
/ɾ/ r

/i e ɨ a u o/ i e y a u o
Long vowels are indicated with acutes í é ý á ú ó or with doubling if diacritics are unavailable

Not knowing what sequences of segments were possible, I decided on a digraph-free romanization. While this contrast is uncommon, I didn't discount the possibility that two instances of the same short vowel in hiatus could contrast with the corresponding long vowel, so I gave them two options for marking vowel length.

[Frislander]

Since Frislander hasn't responded concerning syllable structure, here's one possibility for Frislandian:

/p t k/ p t k
/s ɬ x/ s f h
/v z l j/ v z l j
/m n ŋ/ m n g
/ɾ/ r

/i e ɨ a u o/ i e y a u o
Long vowels are indicated with acutes í é ý á ú ó or with doubling if diacritics are unavailable

Not knowing what sequences of segments were possible, I decided on a digraph-free romanization. While this contrast is uncommon, I didn't discount the possibility that two instances of the same short vowel in hiatus could contrast with the corresponding long vowel, so I gave them two options for marking vowel length.

Yes, sorry about that, I was on my phone and couldn't respond and then forgot. Worse, since then the phonology has changed to this:

/p t k/
/ⁿb ⁿd ⁿg/
/s ɬ x/
/v z l j/
/m n ɲ ŋ/
/mː nː/
/ɾ/ <r>

/i e ɨ a u o/ in long and short, plus the diphthongs /ai/, /au/, /ie/, /uo/, /ea/, /oa/ and /oi/

Syllable structure is restricted to (C)V(C). Word-initial and word-final consonants are restricted to /p/, /t/, /k/, /s/, /ɬ/, /x/, /m/ and /n/ natively, with more being present in loan words. Word-internal clusters consist of either a fricative followed by another consonant or a nasal followed by another consonant note that the prenasalised stops contrast with nasal + unvoiced stop clusters).

My most profound apologies for not getting back to you sooner.

[opipik]

/p t k/ <p t k>
/ⁿb ⁿd ⁿg/ <mb nd ŋg>
/s ɬ x/ <s ł x>
/v z l j/ <w z l y>
/m n ɲ ŋ/ <m n ñ ŋ>
/mː nː/ <mm nn>
/ɾ/ <r>

/i e ɨ a u o/ <i e ɨ a u o> in long and short <aa a>

[Chengjiang]

Yes, sorry about that, I was on my phone and couldn't respond and then forgot.

Ah, OK. Thanks for getting back.

Given the new phonology, here's what I think I'd do, which I admit somewhat prioritizes intuitiveness for learners from other Roman-alphabet language backgrounds over succinctness:

/p t k/ p t k
/ⁿb ⁿd ⁿg/ mb nd ngg
/s ɬ x/ s lh kh
/v z l j/ v z l j
/m n ɲ ŋ/ m n gn ng
/mː nː/ mm nn
/ɾ/ r

/i e ɨ a u o/ i e y a u o, long with acutes (or macra if you prefer)

If long vowels do not contrast with sequences of identical short vowels, simple doubling of the vowel letter is also a possibility and would probably be my first choice.

/ai au ie uo ea oa oi/ ai au ie uo ea oa oi

If any of these diphthongs can contrast with a corresponding sequence of two monophthongs, the monophthong sequence is marked with a dieresis on the second letter, e.g. /a.i/ aï. This is only done if both monophthongs are short, since otherwise the acute for length makes it clear that it isn't a diphthong.

Note that several letters only occur in digraphs in this one. If you don't like that, I do have an alternate suggestion for the consonants, inspired in part by Fijian:

/p t k/ p t k
/ⁿb ⁿd ⁿg/ b d q
/s ɬ x/ s lh/ł/f h
/v z l j/ v z l j
/m n ɲ ŋ/ m n jn/ñ/x g
/mː nː/ mm nn
/ɾ/ r

I left in digraphs for two consonants because no single unmodified Roman letter particularly suggests them to me (or has much of a tradition of use for them) and the digraphs can't be ambiguous with legal consonant sequences (outside of perhaps some loans), but if you'd prefer single characters I've included one unmodified and one modified character each as suggestions. I don't really like any unmodified Roman letter for /ɲ/, but since you don't have enough phonemes to exhaust the alphabet (length and diphthongs aside), I figured I should give one.

I do have a question about the long nasals: Do they contrast in some way with /m.m/ and /n.n/? Can they occur before another consonant? If so, while I don't normally like doing this, I might tentatively recommend marking them with acutes/macra instead of doubling, provided the special characters aren't a problem. If they don't contrast with the above sequences, what's your reason for considering them distinct phonemes? Does the language prohibit geminate consonants other than these?

My most profound apologies for not getting back to you sooner.

Don't worry about it. It's definitely a "sin" I've committed more than my fair share of times around here myself.

[Frislander]

If any of these diphthongs can contrast with a corresponding sequence of two monophthongs,

That's a no, and there's a syncope chart for when two vowels meet.

I do have a question about the long nasals: Do they contrast in some way with /m.m/ and /n.n/? Can they occur before another consonant? If so, while I don't normally like doing this, I might tentatively recommend marking them with acutes/macra instead of doubling, provided the special characters aren't a problem. If they don't contrast with the above sequences, what's your reason for considering them distinct phonemes? Does the language prohibit geminate consonants other than these?

Questions answered in sequence:

1. No.
2. I think yes, though I'll have to do more work on that.
3. My reasons for considering them phonemes are as follows:

• There are no other phonemic geminates in the language, as they were lost in the diachronic changes which led to this inventory
• They occur word-finally, nn most notably in the aorist person endings

4. This has been answered by my above response

[Chengjiang]

[concerning long nasals]

Ah, OK. In that case, since they're the only geminates and don't contrast with double instances of the short nasals I'd say just have them be mm nn.

By the way, I just want to say I love the idea of using a historical phantom island as the location of your conlang. I'm surprised I haven't seen it around here before. Granted, since I'm only intermittently active here I may just have missed other examples.

[mèþru]

Orthography for Shayana (WIP, probably has errors):
Shayana:
/pʰ p~p͡x pʲ~pʲj tʰ t~t͡x tʲ~tʲj kʰ k~k͡x kʲ~kʲj ʔ/ <p b~pk by t d~tk dy k g~kk gy k~g~rh~h>
/m~m͡x mʲ~mʲj n~n͡x nʲ~nʲj~ɲ ŋ/ <m my n ny ng>
/ɾ~ɾ͡x/ <r>
/t͡sʰː t͡s~t͡sx t͡sʲ~t͡sʲj t͡ʂ̺ʰː t͡ʂ̺ t͡ɕ̻/ <ts ds dsy ch j jy>
/f s ʂ̺~ɕ̻ x/ <f~v s~z sh~zh~s k>
/ɹ~ɹj j w/ <ry y w>
/lʲ~lʲj~ʎ ɫ~ɫ͡x/ <ly l>
/i ɪ u e ə o ɐ/ <i~ü i~ü u e~ün~üm~ü oe o a>
/ĩ ɪ̃ ũ ũ˩ ə̃˩ ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ɔ̃˩ ɐ̃ ɐ̃˩ ä̃ː/ <in~im in~im un~um uhn~uhm oehn~oeahn~oehm~oeahm en~em on~om ohn~oahn~ohm~oahm an~am ann~amm ahn~ahm an> (use the nasal used in the original English)
/u˩ o˩ ə˩ ɐ˩/ <uh oh~oah oeh~oeah ah>, but only if the vowel was pharyngealised before Vˀ → V˩
For owels with contrastive length in Old Shayana, /VːC VC/ <VC VCC> with the following exceptions:

• /Vt͡ʃʷ/ <Vtch>
• /Vd͡ʒʷ/ <Vdj>
• Just double the nasal in nasal vowels
  No doubling for approximants, /h/ or other digraphs

An interpunct grave accent can be used to separate letters or as syllabification markers to ease reading. Vowel length is not indicated.

I'll make document with detailed instructions for spelling à la Zompist.

[Knit Tie]

That looks amazing, mèþru. I take it the post Old-Shayana long vowels aren't marked and are instead inferred from context?

My own attempt at romanising Shayana is trying to imitate the results of a completely new orthography developed somewhere after the Middle period that has since then been given the occasional facelift. It also looks like Irish because the man who was updating it to mark phonemic palatalisation was a big fan of Celtic languages in-universe and because I love how the Irish orthgraphy looks in real life

/pʰ p~p͡x pʲ~pʲj tʰ t~t͡x tʲ~tʲj kʰ k~k͡x kʲ~kʲj ʔ/ <p b~bp~bh bj~b t d~dt~dh dj~d c~k g~gc~gh gj~g q~h>
/m~m͡x mʲ~mʲj n~n͡x nʲ~nʲj~ɲ ŋ/ <m~mh mj~m n~nh nj~n ng>
/ɾ~ɾ͡x/ <r~rh>
/t͡sʰː t͡s~t͡sx t͡sʲ~t͡sʲj t͡ʂ̺ʰː t͡ʂ̺ t͡ɕ̻/ <c~ts ds~dsh~dts dsj~ds tz dz~dtz dś>
/f s ʂ̺ ɕ̻ x/ <f s z ś k~x~ch>
/ɹ~ɹj j w/ <rj~r y v>
/lʲ~lʲj~ʎ ɫ~ɫ͡x/ <lj~l l~lh>
Palatalisation or lack thereof is only indicated when a sun consonant is followed by /i/ or /e/ or when a moon consonant is not followed by /i/ or /e/, with the exception of <z>, <ś> and the digraphs that contain them, which are always used to indicate their corresponding phonemes.
/ɪ u e ə o ɐ/ <i~y u e~yn~oe eu o a>
/i: u: e: ə: o: ä:/ <í~ý ú é~ýn~óe éu ó á>
/ɪ̃ ĩ: ũ ũ: ɛ̃ ɛ̃: ə̃˩ ə̃:˩ ɔ̃ ɔ̃: ɐ̃ ä̃:/ <in ín un ún en én euhn éuhn on ón an án
/ɪ˩ u˩ e˩ ə˩ o˩ ɐ˩/ <ih~yh uh eh~yhn~oeh euh oh ah>
/i:˩ u:˩ e:˩ ə:˩ o:˩ ä:˩/ <íh~ýh úh éh~ýhn~óeh éuh óh áh>
/ɪ̃˩ ĩ:˩ ũ˩ ũ˩: ɛ̃˩ ɛ̃˩: ɔ̃˩ ɔ̃˩: ɐ̃˩ ä̃˩:/ <ihn íhn uhn úhn ehn éhn ohn óhn ahn áhn
To contrast nasalised vowels with vowel+n sequences, double the <n>. Vowel+<m> is always a vowel+nasal sequence.
Long vowels may not be marked at all, though marking them is preferred in official documentation.

[mèþru]

post Old-Shayana long vowels aren't marked and are instead inferred from context

Correct. I couldn't think of a way to mark them without getting rid of Old Shayana long vowels and decided it might be fun to not bother at all.
I just made an English-based mostly phonemic orthographic reform for Old Shayana, and then let it evolve as I think it would without further reform. The details of how it evolved will be posted here as Google Doc later.

Palatalisation or lack thereof is only indicated when a sun consonant is followed by /i/ or /e/ or when a moon consonant is not followed by /i/ or /e/, with the exception of <z>, <ś> and the digraphs that contain them, which are always used to indicate their corresponding phonemes.

I wanted to do that or something like it, but I quickly lost track of my own orthography! That's why I'm going to make the Google Doc.

It also looks like Irish because the man who was updating it to mark phonemic palatalisation was a big fan of Celtic languages in-universe and because I love how the Irish orthgraphy looks in real life

I did it the way did it because these are supposed to be isolationist English speakers, right? There is no foreign influence except for using regular vowels rather than English ones, as well as <ü> because it is common in metal bands to add umlautsand also to say something is über. Also, why is the orthography reformed if you can have a super complicated one based off the natural evolution of an unregulated alphabet?

To contrast nasalised vowels with vowel+n sequences, double the <n>. Vowel+<m> is always a vowel+nasal sequence.

Why bother showing this contrast when it can be inferred from context and a native speaker's memory of how words are pronounced?