The Miar aspects are aorist, completive, incompletive, habitual, progressive, and continuative.
The aorist is the default form.
The completive is formed by rounding the last roundable consonant, and is only marked on verbs with such a consonant: чep- 'fall' > ƽep- 'hit the ground'.
The incompletive is marked in two ways: by lengthened a-grade on the root in most verbs, and by incopyfixation of the final in biresonantal verbs and certain derived verbs: чep- 'fall' > чāp- 'hurtle through the air', ḅer-n- 'consider virtuous' > ḅn̥ner-n- 'be polite' (via 'try to consider virtuous'). Incopyfixation is in fact the default: consider the early Kett loan k°exér- 'shoot' (*kwoxer-, Insular Kett beuher). The incompletive, 'shoot at', is k°rexer-. (The completive, 'shoot dead', is of course k°exér°-.)
The habitual is formed by the prefix ʔe-/ʔa- (with the same alternation as in the reflexive: -a- before voiced consonants that are not semivowels, -e- otherwise) plus reduplication of the stressed syllable: for example, чep- 'fall' > ʔeчpчep- 'be clumsy'. (ч comes from *q, so it takes -e-.) Causatives, where the endings are stressed, derived verbs, and biresonantal root verbs only copy the final consonant: s-ч̥p- > ʔepsч̥p-, plewt- > ʔetplewt-. The habitual takes the formative conjugation rather than the root conjugation.
The progressive, which denotes a continuative action, is formed by the prefix ʔan- plus the zero-grade of the root. The continuative, which denotes a progressive state, is formed by the prefix ʔan- plus the incompletive. In derived verbs and loans, these are confused, and they take ʔan-. Some mutations apply to -n-: glottalized consonants decompose, unvoiced consonants become prenasalized, and prenasalized consonants eject a syllabic nasal.
So:
чep- ƽep- чāp- ʔeчpчep- ʔanч̥p- ḅer-n- ḅer-n°- ḅn̥ner-n- ʔaḅn̥ner-n- ʔanʔʙn̥ner-n- k°exér- k°exér°- k°rexér- ʔexr̥k°exér- ʔag°exr̥-
_________________ Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd; nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.
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