Rangyayo - an East Asian language of the elixir of life
- Nortaneous
- Sumerul
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Nouns
Rangyan has no grammatical number, gender or articles. Thus, Rangyan nouns are non-inflecting. The noun iku (犬; /i.ku/) can be translated as "dog", "dogs", "a dog", "the dog", "some dogs" and so forth, depending on context. However, as part of the extensive pair of grammatical systems that Rangyan possesses for honorification and politeness, nouns too can be modified. Nouns take politeness prefix a- (아; /a/) to produce their respectful forms. A few examples are given in the following table.
Rangyan does not differentiate between count and mass nouns. A small number of nouns have collectives formed by reduplication, for example, oro (人; /ɔ.ɾɔ/) "person" and orooro (人々; /ɔ.ɾɔ.ɔ.ɾɔ/) "people". However, reduplication is not productive. Words in Rangyan referring to more than one of something are collectives, not plurals. Orooro, for example, means "a lot of people" or "people in general". It is never used to mean "two people". A phrase like rangya ke orooro (琅冶거人々; /ɾaŋ.ja.kɛ.ɔ.ɾɔ.ɔ.ɾɔ/) would be taken to mean "the people of Rangya", or "the population of Rangya", not "two people from Rangya" or even "a few people from Rangya".
Lacking grammatical number, the noun hapi (鳥; /ha.pi/) may refer to a single bird or several birds. Where number is important, it can be indicated by providing a quantity (often with a counter word). For example, hapi ho ik (鳥八翼; /ha.pi.hɔ.ɪk̚/) means eight birds.
Rangyan has no grammatical number, gender or articles. Thus, Rangyan nouns are non-inflecting. The noun iku (犬; /i.ku/) can be translated as "dog", "dogs", "a dog", "the dog", "some dogs" and so forth, depending on context. However, as part of the extensive pair of grammatical systems that Rangyan possesses for honorification and politeness, nouns too can be modified. Nouns take politeness prefix a- (아; /a/) to produce their respectful forms. A few examples are given in the following table.
Rangyan does not differentiate between count and mass nouns. A small number of nouns have collectives formed by reduplication, for example, oro (人; /ɔ.ɾɔ/) "person" and orooro (人々; /ɔ.ɾɔ.ɔ.ɾɔ/) "people". However, reduplication is not productive. Words in Rangyan referring to more than one of something are collectives, not plurals. Orooro, for example, means "a lot of people" or "people in general". It is never used to mean "two people". A phrase like rangya ke orooro (琅冶거人々; /ɾaŋ.ja.kɛ.ɔ.ɾɔ.ɔ.ɾɔ/) would be taken to mean "the people of Rangya", or "the population of Rangya", not "two people from Rangya" or even "a few people from Rangya".
Lacking grammatical number, the noun hapi (鳥; /ha.pi/) may refer to a single bird or several birds. Where number is important, it can be indicated by providing a quantity (often with a counter word). For example, hapi ho ik (鳥八翼; /ha.pi.hɔ.ɪk̚/) means eight birds.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
Reflexive Pronouns
Rangyan has three reflexive pronouns jishin, jiki and osu, all meaning "self". However, there are subtle differences in usage among the three reflexive pronouns.
* jishin (自身; /dʑi.ɕin/) tends to take a local antecedent and is used more often for first person antecedents;
* jiki (自己; /dʑi.ki/) takes long-distance antecedents much more than local ones;
* osu (己; /ɔ.su/) is less used than the other two and takes local and long-distance antecedents equally well. The antecedent to which it refers can be inferred by context, which is generally the subject of the sentence.
Rangyan has three reflexive pronouns jishin, jiki and osu, all meaning "self". However, there are subtle differences in usage among the three reflexive pronouns.
* jishin (自身; /dʑi.ɕin/) tends to take a local antecedent and is used more often for first person antecedents;
* jiki (自己; /dʑi.ki/) takes long-distance antecedents much more than local ones;
* osu (己; /ɔ.su/) is less used than the other two and takes local and long-distance antecedents equally well. The antecedent to which it refers can be inferred by context, which is generally the subject of the sentence.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
Yeah, I think French is a good example of this, so it should be fine.TzirTzi wrote:Indeed, had you proposed syllabifying it the other way (VC.VC.VC), that would have been really quite unnatural . Languages (with a very small number of debatable exceptions) strongly prefer onsets to codas.
Keep up the good work with your conlang, desmond!
I've wanted to do a conlang involving hanzi, but I have very little knowledge of Chinese or Chinese characters.
- Nortaneous
- Sumerul
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...I thought VC was pretty strongly attested in Australia. Arrernte is a good example, although its orthography makes it look VC (/əkəl/ is written <kele>, I think, and Wikipedia says "Arrernte orthography does not write word-initial /ə/, and adds an e to the end of every word.") So if you wanted to analyze it as CV, you'd have to say words can start with a null consonant and there's an underlying /ə/ at the end of every word.TzirTzi wrote:Languages (with a very small number of debatable exceptions) strongly prefer onsets to codas.
Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.
Are there differences among the three pronouns in the aspect of politeness?desmond wrote:Reflexive Pronouns
Rangyan has three reflexive pronouns jishin, jiki and osu, all meaning "self". However, there are subtle differences in usage among the three reflexive pronouns.
* jishin (自身; /dʑi.ɕin/) tends to take a local antecedent and is used more often for first person antecedents;
* jiki (自己; /dʑi.ki/) takes long-distance antecedents much more than local ones;
* osu (己; /ɔ.su/) is less used than the other two and takes local and long-distance antecedents equally well. The antecedent to which it refers can be inferred by context, which is generally the subject of the sentence.
疏我啲英文同語言學一樣咁屎!
[sɔː˥ ŋɔː˩˧ tiː˥ jɪŋ˥mɐn˧˥ tʰʊŋ˩ jyː˩˧jiːn˩hɔk̚˨ jɐt̚˥jœːŋ˧ kɐm˧ siː˧˥]
sor(ry) 1.SG POSS English and linguistics same DEM.ADJ shit
[sɔː˥ ŋɔː˩˧ tiː˥ jɪŋ˥mɐn˧˥ tʰʊŋ˩ jyː˩˧jiːn˩hɔk̚˨ jɐt̚˥jœːŋ˧ kɐm˧ siː˧˥]
sor(ry) 1.SG POSS English and linguistics same DEM.ADJ shit
Yes, but the difference is subtle. Rangyans tend to use native words in casual situation (among close friends) and use Chinese derived loanwords in more formal situation (addressing to the elders). In this case, jiki 自己 is more polite than osu 己.kaenif wrote:Are there differences among the three pronouns in the aspect of politeness?desmond wrote:Reflexive Pronouns
Rangyan has three reflexive pronouns jishin, jiki and osu, all meaning "self". However, there are subtle differences in usage among the three reflexive pronouns.
* jishin (自身; /dʑi.ɕin/) tends to take a local antecedent and is used more often for first person antecedents;
* jiki (自己; /dʑi.ki/) takes long-distance antecedents much more than local ones;
* osu (己; /ɔ.su/) is less used than the other two and takes local and long-distance antecedents equally well. The antecedent to which it refers can be inferred by context, which is generally the subject of the sentence.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Some sample words in a table to give you a taste of the Rangyan Vocabulary.
The columns in aqua contain native Rangyan words, and the columns in orange contain loanwords borrowed from Middle Chinese / Sino-derived words coined by the Rangyan people.
The columns in aqua contain native Rangyan words, and the columns in orange contain loanwords borrowed from Middle Chinese / Sino-derived words coined by the Rangyan people.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
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- Smeric
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Very nice!
Rangyayo is very Japanese-esque.
I really like how it uses native and Sinitic doublets.
How would one say "was this man killed by that bear?" Is it:
i oro-no ne fupi-yo khenitushi mo? 이人너熊요殺니두시모 ?
(I might be using the wrong particle... but it would be に in Japanese, I think)
Also forgive me for using the wrong hanzi if "khen-" is incorrect... I used the Japanese "殺" from 殺ろす (to kill)
Rangyayo is very Japanese-esque.
I really like how it uses native and Sinitic doublets.
How would one say "was this man killed by that bear?" Is it:
i oro-no ne fupi-yo khenitushi mo? 이人너熊요殺니두시모 ?
(I might be using the wrong particle... but it would be に in Japanese, I think)
Also forgive me for using the wrong hanzi if "khen-" is incorrect... I used the Japanese "殺" from 殺ろす (to kill)
[bɹ̠ˤʷɪs.təɫ]
Nōn quālibet inīquā cupiditāte illectus hoc agō
Yo te pongo en tu lugar...
Taisc mach Daró
Nōn quālibet inīquā cupiditāte illectus hoc agō
Yo te pongo en tu lugar...
Taisc mach Daró
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Thank you! I'm so happy that you like my project.
I start worrying that Rangyayo is a bit too Japanese-look-alike. I will see if I can introduce new native words with more complex phonotactics (syllables allowed up to CgVC where g is a glide /j/ or /w/) in order to give the language a more unique taste. However Sino-Rangyan words sound significantly different to their Sino-Japanese equivalents because Rangyayo has a richer set of coda (-m, -n, -ng, -p, -t, -k) than Japanese does.
So far the only sample that uses both native and Sinitic words in the same sentence is,
ne iku no itban'in ko'i karü (너犬노一番인大이가르; /nɛ.i.ku.nɔ.it̚.ban.in.kɔ.i.ka.ɾɨ/)
"That dog is the biggest."
where itban is a Sino-Rangyan word which means "No.1"
The Rangyan people tend to use Sinitic words in formal situation (talking to the elders) / technical papers (pen*s instead of d*ck) / religious rituals... as Sinitic words carry a formal, polite and educated feel where native words are more casual, colloquial and vulgar. That's why I once said in a previous post,
i oro-no ne fupi-ü khenitushi mo? 이人노너熊으殺니두시모。 (as in this case, bear is an accusative noun)
Yup, the correct hanji for "khen-" is 殺. You are quite good at Japanese kanji. (Notice that hanji /han.dʑi/ is for Rangyan, kanji for Japanese, hanja for Korean and hanzi for Chinese)
I start worrying that Rangyayo is a bit too Japanese-look-alike. I will see if I can introduce new native words with more complex phonotactics (syllables allowed up to CgVC where g is a glide /j/ or /w/) in order to give the language a more unique taste. However Sino-Rangyan words sound significantly different to their Sino-Japanese equivalents because Rangyayo has a richer set of coda (-m, -n, -ng, -p, -t, -k) than Japanese does.
So far the only sample that uses both native and Sinitic words in the same sentence is,
ne iku no itban'in ko'i karü (너犬노一番인大이가르; /nɛ.i.ku.nɔ.it̚.ban.in.kɔ.i.ka.ɾɨ/)
"That dog is the biggest."
where itban is a Sino-Rangyan word which means "No.1"
The Rangyan people tend to use Sinitic words in formal situation (talking to the elders) / technical papers (pen*s instead of d*ck) / religious rituals... as Sinitic words carry a formal, polite and educated feel where native words are more casual, colloquial and vulgar. That's why I once said in a previous post,
I would translate "was this man killed by that bear?" to Rangyayo as,Rangyans tend to use native words in casual situation (among close friends) and use Chinese derived loanwords in more formal situation (addressing to the elders). In this case, jiki 自己 is more polite than osu 己.
i oro-no ne fupi-ü khenitushi mo? 이人노너熊으殺니두시모。 (as in this case, bear is an accusative noun)
Yup, the correct hanji for "khen-" is 殺. You are quite good at Japanese kanji. (Notice that hanji /han.dʑi/ is for Rangyan, kanji for Japanese, hanja for Korean and hanzi for Chinese)
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
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- Sanci
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
This is really awesome! I love love LOVE your verb morphology. Mine never seem to turn out quite right.
Lé lílaȟči khilí! Morphology wóškaŋ nitȟáwa kiŋ thewáȟila, thewáȟila, thewáȟila. Mitȟáwa kiŋ tóhaŋni sʼeléčheča šni ečhétu úŋ.
Lé lílaȟči khilí! Morphology wóškaŋ nitȟáwa kiŋ thewáȟila, thewáȟila, thewáȟila. Mitȟáwa kiŋ tóhaŋni sʼeléčheča šni ečhétu úŋ.
"Happiness can be found even in the darkest of times, if one only remembers to turn on the light."
Economic Left/Right: -4.62
Social Libertarian/Authoritarian: -2.87
Economic Left/Right: -4.62
Social Libertarian/Authoritarian: -2.87
- WeepingElf
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
I don't know how I managed to miss this project so far, but now as I look at it, it looks cool! It also fits the conlocation nicely.
...brought to you by the Weeping Elf
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
khitu o iku no buyudungmut kirü mo (; /kʰitu.ɔ.iku.nɔ.bu.ju.dʊŋ.mut̚.ki.ɾɨ.mɔ/)
"Are cats and dogs mammals?"
khitu - cat (native noun)
o - conjunction
iku - dog (native noun)
no - topic particle
buyudungmut - mammal (Sino-Rangyan noun)
kirü - copula
mo - interrogation particle
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Economy of Rangya
The table below shows the exchange rates of wen against other main currencies in the world.
USD 1 = 163.65 RYW
EUR 1 = 225.51
GBP 1 = 264.64
AUD 1 = 164.72
CAD 1 = 166.40
JPY 100 = 200.00
KRW 1000 = 144.20
CNY 1 = 24.88
HKD 1 = 21.00
The Rangyan wen (圓 wen) (code: RYW) is the official currency of Rangya.
The table below shows the exchange rates of wen against other main currencies in the world.
USD 1 = 163.65 RYW
EUR 1 = 225.51
GBP 1 = 264.64
AUD 1 = 164.72
CAD 1 = 166.40
JPY 100 = 200.00
KRW 1000 = 144.20
CNY 1 = 24.88
HKD 1 = 21.00
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
- WeepingElf
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
So the wen is pegged to the yen at a 2:1 rate?desmond wrote:JPY 100 = 200.00
...brought to you by the Weeping Elf
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A
- roninbodhisattva
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Could you explain how the tense/aspect system works? It seems really similar to English from a cursory glance.
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
It's just an incidence that the exchange rate of Rangyan wen against Japanese yen is 2:1.WeepingElf wrote:So the wen is pegged to the yen at a 2:1 rate?desmond wrote:JPY 100 = 200.00
I have no intention to peg Rangyan wen to any existing currencies in the world. Instead, a currency basket is used to determine the value of Rangyan wen to minimize the risk of currency fluctuations.
Based on the value of foreign trade with the main import partners of Rangya, the portfolio of selected currencies with different weightings for Rangyan wen looks as below:
Code: Select all
Foreign % of 1 USD Weighting
Currency Import Equivalent (% of Import x 1 USD Equivalent)
USD 37% 1 0.37
JPY 31% 81.8285 25.366835
CNY 12% 6.57655 0.789186
KRW 12% 1134.88 136.1856
AUD 5% 0.99284 0.049642
TWD 3% 29.759 0.89277
Sum 163.654033
As I don't know much about economics, I'm quite sure that I've violated many rules by doing this.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Rangyayo is an SOV agglutinative language so tense/aspect is expressed by attaching suffixes to the verb stem.roninbodhisattva wrote:Could you explain how the tense/aspect system works? It seems really similar to English from a cursory glance.
The suffixes of 2 aspects and 3 tenses are:
Aspect
-an- (progressive)
-ets- (perfect)
Tense
-ü (present)
-uwei (past)
-ioi (future)
For example we have a Rangyan verb stem yab- (eat), the aspect/tense conjugations are:
yab-ü (eat; present)
yab-uwei (ate; past)
yab-ioi (will eat; future)
yab-an-ü (is eating; present progressive)
yab-an-uwei (was eating; past progressive)
yab-an-ioi (will be eating; future progressive)
yab-ets-ü (has eaten; present perfect)
yab-ets-uwei (had eaten; past perfect)
yab-ets-ioi (will have eaten; future perfect)
The formula of verb conjugation for tense/aspect is verb stem + aspect suffix + tense suffix.
(P.S. I've revised and changed many of the verb conjugation suffixes to give Rangyayo a more unique taste and less Japanese-esque)
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
The issue of banknotes of the Rangyan wen is handled exclusively by the Bank of Rangya.
Rangyan banknotes in everyday circulation are 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10,000.
Below is the latest series issued by the Bank of Rangya in 2010.
Rangyan banknotes in everyday circulation are 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10,000.
Below is the latest series issued by the Bank of Rangya in 2010.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
- roninbodhisattva
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Right, I got they were marked with suffixes on the verb stem, but what I was asking is how the system works semantically and whatnot. You have three tenses and two aspects that are basically the same as in English...does the system differ? Do they have different uses than English tenses and aspects? Can they / can they not cooccur with different types of verbs? That's what I was asking.desmond wrote:Rangyayo is an SOV agglutinative language so tense/aspect is expressed by attaching suffixes to the verb stem.
The suffixes of 2 aspects and 3 tenses are:
Aspect
-an- (progressive)
-ets- (perfect)
Tense
-ü (present)
-uwei (past)
-ioi (future)
Also, the money looks really damn cool.
- WeepingElf
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Those banknotes are awesome.
...brought to you by the Weeping Elf
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A
Tha cvastam émi cvastam santham amal phelsa. -- Friedrich Schiller
ESTAR-3SG:P human-OBJ only human-OBJ true-OBJ REL-LOC play-3SG:A
Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
Your question is very hard to answer I've never yet taken that into account.roninbodhisattva wrote:Right, I got they were marked with suffixes on the verb stem, but what I was asking is how the system works semantically and whatnot. You have three tenses and two aspects that are basically the same as in English...does the system differ? Do they have different uses than English tenses and aspects? Can they / can they not cooccur with different types of verbs? That's what I was asking.desmond wrote:Rangyayo is an SOV agglutinative language so tense/aspect is expressed by attaching suffixes to the verb stem.
The suffixes of 2 aspects and 3 tenses are:
Aspect
-an- (progressive)
-ets- (perfect)
Tense
-ü (present)
-uwei (past)
-ioi (future)
Also, the money looks really damn cool.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life
- roninbodhisattva
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Re: Rangyayo - spoken on the islands of the elixir of life
You should!desmond wrote:Your question is very hard to answer I've never yet taken that into account.
The audio sample of Rangyayo
The audio sample of Rangyayo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayVrS-Wkizo
Below is the transcript:
Do you speak English?
英語위言리모스야모。 Yengyo wi yerimoshüya mo?
Do you understand?
識르야모。 narüya mo?
I understand.
ㅇ、識르야。 ng, narüya.
I don't understand.
識로므야。 naromüya.
How do you pronounce this?
이고워마너発音느야모。 iko we mane pat'imnüya mo?
What time is it?
마時르야모。 mazhi rüya mo?
It's (one) o'clock.
1時르야。 mezhi rüya.
Quarter past (one).
1時15分르야。 mezhi zhip'upun rüya.
Half past (one).
1時半르야。 mezhi pan rüya.
What's the weather like?
天气워마너르야모。 thenkhi we mane rüya mo?
It's cold.
寒지르야。 ütsi rüya.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayVrS-Wkizo
Below is the transcript:
Do you speak English?
英語위言리모스야모。 Yengyo wi yerimoshüya mo?
Do you understand?
識르야모。 narüya mo?
I understand.
ㅇ、識르야。 ng, narüya.
I don't understand.
識로므야。 naromüya.
How do you pronounce this?
이고워마너発音느야모。 iko we mane pat'imnüya mo?
What time is it?
마時르야모。 mazhi rüya mo?
It's (one) o'clock.
1時르야。 mezhi rüya.
Quarter past (one).
1時15分르야。 mezhi zhip'upun rüya.
Half past (one).
1時半르야。 mezhi pan rüya.
What's the weather like?
天气워마너르야모。 thenkhi we mane rüya mo?
It's cold.
寒지르야。 ütsi rüya.
[b]Desmond[/b] - [url=http://conlang.wikia.com/Rangyayo][b]Rangyayo[/b][/url], spoken on the islands of elixir of life