zompist bboard

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agus tha mo chluasan eòlach air a’ mhac-talla fhathast / às dèidh dhomh dùsgadh
(mona nicleòid wagner, “fo shneachd”)

[quote="Ran"]No IE language, afaik, has any trace of tones.[/quote]
The search isn't turning up anything, so I'll just go ahead and say it: Isn't Punjabi a tonal language? I'm pretty sure it has three phonemically distinguished tones: high, mid and low.

PS. Okay, technical problem #1.

[quote="rotting ham"][quote="Ran"]No IE language, afaik, has any trace of tones.[/quote]
The search isn't turning up anything, so I'll just go ahead and say it: Isn't Punjabi a tonal language? I'm pretty sure it has three phonemically distinguished tones: high, mid and low.

PS. Okay, technical problem #1.[/quote]Yeah I'm sure there's tone there too. And it says so in the book 'The Indo-Aryan Languages' by Colin P. Masica, which is in front of me here. In fact, it says (page 118): Contrastive tone is reported from several NIA languages and dialects, among them Chittagong and Dacca Bengali, Shina, Khowar, Gawarbati, Bashkarik, "Lahnda", Rajasthani, Dogri, several West Pahari dialects (Kochi, Shodochi, Bishshau, Rudhari, Khashali), and possibly Wotapuri, but undoubtedly the classic case of tone in NIA is Punjabi. There are two distinctive tones in Punjabi contrasting with the neutral tone: the High (or High-Falling /`/ and the Low (or Low-Rising) /´/. (Some would say there are three tones, including the neutral or "Mid" tone as one of them.)

Thanks, and apologies for resurrecting a thread four years after it expired for something regulars already know by now, I'm sure. (only for the L&L Museum, and only because the word Punjabi, Oikoumene's Čia-Ša, doesn't occur once in the whole forum according to the search function) This is how the tones are represented orthographically: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_script

PS. Wait a minute, the Čia-Ša languages aren't tonal? I had an Eddyimpression that they were. Huh, just isolating.

P2S. I can't believe there isn't a single tonal Eastern language, the closest being Cuezi, which is only pitch-accented. Oh well, at least Lufaša is largely monosyllabic. That's one divergence Oikoumene hasn't produced to my knowledge. It looked tonal to me because of all these accents over the vowels like bák, chàn, nük, etc, but there's no reference to tones anywhere.

Man what is up with none of the BBCode working in this forum? It's pissing me off. >:|

Also some (south?) Slavic languages IIRC.

I think what Ran may have been getting at is that none of the IE languages that have tones today inherited them from PIE ,even in a much-changed form. They all went through stages in which they were completely toneless and then re-developed tones in various ways. I don't think everyone agrees with this, though; I remember reading on this board somewhere that there are at least some people who believe that the tones of Latvian and Lithuanian do in fact trace back directly to PIE. Even so, it's nearly certain than Punjabi and the Slavic languages' tones are innovations and not inherited from Sanskrit/Proto-Slavic.

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Sunàqʷa the Sea Lamprey says:

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http://www.veche.net/
http://www.veche.net/novegradian - Grammar of Novegradian
http://www.veche.net/alashian - Grammar of Alashian

Apparently, has a binary counting system.

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v.10.2


AVDIO · VIDEO · DISCO

I don't buy it... they haven't given us enough information to determine what happens past 10. Is 8+7 "pömp pömp ragltika gudl pip"? Because I doubt it – that'll get very confusing very quickly.

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[quote="Nortaneous"]Is South Africa better off now than it was a few decades ago?[/quote]

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"There was a particular car I soon came to think of as distinctly St. Louis-ish: a gigantic white S.U.V. with a W. bumper sticker on it for George W. Bush."

Maybe try downloading real player then.

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Siöö jandeng raiglin zåbei tandiüłåd;
nää džunnfin kukuch vklaivei sivei tåd.
Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei. Chei.

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[quote="Nortaneous"]Is South Africa better off now than it was a few decades ago?[/quote]

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OMG AN ACTUAL CONPOST WTFBBQ

Formerly known as Drydic.